A/HRC/29/34 including discrimination, loss of documents, and the psychosocial impact and pressures of displacement. Where they find refuge in areas of existing unemployment or economic hardship they are likely to be the last to gain work if it does become available. Women and mothers are likely to face unique challenges and restrictions to their income-generating activities, including childcare issues and the threat of violence if they leave the camps. 68. During the Special Rapporteur’s visit to Sri Lanka in December 2013, he noted obstacles to durable solutions for IDPs in their lack of access to their original land, which prevented their return and their having sustainable livelihoods. He stressed that significant efforts were required to ensure that the livelihoods of IDPs were restored.29 During his visit to Ukraine in September 2014, the Special Rapporteur was informed of the difficulty faced by IDPs in finding employment and income-generating opportunities. Some IDPs described problems with their residence registration in their places of origin, their work records which remained with former employers, and discrimination when they identified themselves as IDPs. Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries 69. IDPs frequently face gross and persistent inequality that significantly worsens their displacement and hampers their ability to integrate fully into new or host societies. Reducing inequality and discrimination within countries helps prevent displacement as well as contributing to achieving durable solutions for IDPs. Respect for the principle of equal rights ensures the well-being of IDPs. Social, economic and political inclusion of all, including IDPs, is thus key to the prevention of displacement by achieving equality within and among countries. For some ethnic, religious or national minorities, their government is the perpetrator of violence, their homes are not safe and integration into new localities may be particularly difficult. 70. IDPs frequently belong to national, ethnic or religious minorities who, due to historical, geopolitical, social and other factors, may face varying degrees of discrimination, social and economic marginalization and sometimes violence on the basis of their identity. They may be excluded or marginalized in national development programmes, even during periods of peace. During times of instability and conflict, they are vulnerable to violence and displacement by larger population groups, members of which may dominate the government, the police and military forces and other public bodies, including those with responsibility for national development goals. 71. During his follow-up visit to Kenya in May 2014, the Special Rapporteur noted that, although progress had been made in supporting durable solutions for those displaced following the post-election violence of 2007/08, significant obstacles to achieving that goal remained, most notably regarding socioeconomic and political integration. In accordance with the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the IASC Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons, he recalled that IDPs should be able to exercise their right to participate in public affairs at all levels and without discrimination on the basis of their displacement. Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable 72. While IDPs living in camp settings are more visible, alternative coping mechanisms, including living with host families, are now the norm for a majority of IDPs.30 An implicit assumption is often made that IDPs living outside camps are less in need of protection and assistance and have found solutions of their own. While host communities 29 30 A/HRC/26/33/Add.4, paras. 40 and 54. See A/HRC/19/54. 17