A/HRC/39/73
Rights Defenders). In particular, a letter from the Minister of Interior dated 2 October 2017
requires non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to provide three-day prior notification to
authorities for any events. The Government has indicated that this is to provide
coordination, security, safety and order to civil society organization activities. This
stipulation is not contained in the Law on Associations and Non-Governmental
Organizations or the Law on Peaceful Demonstrations. Police systematically monitor civil
society events. The Government has revoked the licences of some independent radio
stations, independent media have had to shut down due to large tax bills and independent
journalists have been charged with “espionage”. In May 2018, the Inter-Ministerial
Proclamation (Prakas) on Publication Controls of Website and Social Media Processing via
Internet in the Kingdom of Cambodia was adopted. The proclamation seeks to prevent
publications or news through social media and the Internet on very broad grounds, such as
“deliberately causing chaos” or “harming the national economy” or “traditional culture”.
8.
During the interactive dialogue with States parties and other stakeholders at the
thirty-sixth session of the Human Rights Council, many States invited the Special
Rapporteur to pay particular attention to the human rights impact of the political situation in
Cambodia ahead of the 2018 national elections. The present report was finalized and
submitted before the date of the elections. However, the Special Rapporteur analyses the
impact of the elections and electoral processes on human rights and fundamental freedoms
in an addendum.
9.
Cambodia remains a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and a
lower-middle-income country. According to current estimates, it has maintained an
economic growth rate of almost 7 per cent, which is likely to continue for at least the next
two years. The Government has not approved any figures after 2014.
10.
The Government has committed to finalize the localization of the Sustainable
Development Goals by the end of 2018. There remains evidence of progress towards
greater realization of several related rights and freedoms. For example, the country’s strong
economic growth and rapid development has provided resources to improve social
protection and access to education, decent work and health care. However, challenges
remain, not least with goal 16.
11.
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development explicitly recognizes that the
promotion and protection of human rights is both a prerequisite to achieving the Sustainable
Development Goals as well as a result. The principle of leaving no one behind is perhaps
the clearest expression of this link. Indeed, respect for human rights is an integral part of
ensuring lasting development and peace in Cambodia. Nevertheless, over the past year,
government ministers, both during meetings and through the submission of official
documents, have addressed comments to the Special Rapporteur that prioritize peace,
stability and development over human rights. Respect for rights and freedoms are enshrined
in the Cambodian Constitution and Cambodia has ratified almost all the core human rights
treaties. Human rights cannot be selectively respected or ignored, and they must never be
sacrificed. Peace without justice is unsustainable; development without freedom leaves
people behind.
12.
During the period 2017−2018, the Government of Cambodia has published several
statements aimed at “clarifying and setting the records straight” on various issues related to
human rights. It has criticized both the United Nations generally and special rapporteurs,
without any evidence base. The Special Rapporteur has countered these criticisms directly
with the Government and calls on the Government to remove such criticisms from official
publications and statements and undertake not to repeat them. Such action would help to
promote constructive and meaningful dialogue on human rights issues.
III. Update on recommendations in the previous report
13.
The Special Rapporteur made a series of recommendations in previous reports. With
a view to maintaining a dialogue with the Government, she reviews the recommendations
made in her previous report to the Council (see A/HRC/36/61, para. 68) as follows:
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