A/HRC/4/95 page 4 I. INTRODUCTION 1. The present report is submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council decision 2/102, in which the Council requested the Secretary-General and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to continue with the fulfilment of their activities, in accordance with all previous decisions adopted by the Commission on Human Rights and to update the relevant reports and studies. 2. The office in Cambodia of the High Commissioner for Human Rights was established in 1993 following the withdrawal of the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC). The mandates of the office and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for human rights in Cambodia derive from Commission on Human Rights resolution 1993/6. They combine monitoring, protection and public reporting functions with technical assistance and advisory services. 3. The office in Cambodia continued to be guided by Commission on Human Rights resolution 2005/77, which invited the Secretary-General, agencies of the United Nations system present in Cambodia and non-governmental organizations to continue to assist the Government in ensuring the protection and promotion of human rights of all people in Cambodia. 4. While noting the efforts of the Government of Cambodia, the Commission was concerned that some violations of human rights continued, especially those related to the rule of law, the judiciary, human trafficking, violence against political and civil activists, impunity and corruption. It asked the Government to strengthen its efforts in several specific areas, including: − Adopting and implementing essential laws and codes for establishing a fully democratic society; − Ensuring the independence, impartiality and effectiveness of the judicial system; − Investigating and prosecuting those who have perpetrated serious crimes, including violations of human rights; − Meeting Cambodia’s obligations under international human rights instruments; − Combating key problems such as human trafficking, issues related to poverty, sexual violence, domestic violence and sexual exploitation of women and children; − Resolving land ownership issues in a fair and open manner; − Creating a conducive environment for the conduct of legitimate political activity, and supporting the role of NGOs in order to solidify democratic development in Cambodia.