A/HRC/38/49 Contents Page I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 II. Key messages from the opening plenary session .......................................................................... 4 III. Realizing access to effective remedy ............................................................................................ 5 A. Exploring elements of effective remedy: perspectives of affected stakeholders .................. 5 B. National action plans and the third pillar .............................................................................. 6 C. Judicial remedy ..................................................................................................................... 6 D. Strengthening State-based non-judicial remedy.................................................................... 8 E. Making operational-level grievance mechanisms work ........................................................ 10 F. Policy coherence ................................................................................................................... 11 G. Strengthening the third pillar in multi-stakeholder initiatives and platforms ....................... 13 H. Innovations in dispute resolution and leverage of third parties ............................................ 14 Action on all three pillars .............................................................................................................. 15 A. State action ........................................................................................................................... 15 B. Corporate respect for human rights in practice ..................................................................... 15 C. Human rights defenders, civic freedoms and the role of business ........................................ 18 D. Corporate respect for human rights and the Sustainable Development Goals ...................... 19 E. Gender lens ........................................................................................................................... 19 Closing plenary and general recommendations ............................................................................. 20 IV. V. 2