A/HRC/35/38
discrimination and depriving persons affected by leprosy and their family members of the
enjoyment of their fundamental human rights and dignity and reintegration into society.
3.
With the introduction of multidrug therapy in the late 1980s, there is now an
effective cure for leprosy. Since 1995, WHO has been supplying multidrug therapy free of
charge to persons affected by leprosy in all endemic countries. Availability of drugs has
allowed countries to focus their efforts on eliminating leprosy (defined as a prevalence rate
of less than 1 case per 10,000 population) as a public health problem and on further
reducing the leprosy burden post-elimination. Treatment with standard WHO multidrug
therapy renders patients non-infectious within a few days. Since the mid-1980s, the global
prevalence of leprosy has decreased from more than 5 million to less than 200,000 in 2015,
and some 16 million people have been cured of the disease since the introduction of
multidrug therapy. Nonetheless, although leprosy is no longer a major public health
problem in most countries today, several millions of people affected by the disease
worldwide continue to experience stigmatization and discrimination.
4.
Within the international human rights system, concern regarding discrimination
against persons affected by leprosy and their family members was initially expressed by the
Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights at its fifty-sixth
session in 2004. In its resolution 2004/12, the Sub-Commission requested its member,
Yozo Yokota, to prepare a preliminary working paper on the issue 1 to be submitted to the
Sub-Commission at its fifty-seventh session. In the paper, persisting discrimination against
persons affected by leprosy and their family members was highlighted, including in relation
to employment, marriage, education, use of public places, such as hotels and restaurants,
and means of transportation.
5.
The Sub-Commission’s work was discontinued owing to the reform of the United
Nations human rights system in 2006. In 2008, the Human Rights Council took up the issue
and noted the work already done by the Commission on Human Rights and the SubCommission. In its resolution 8/13, the Council requested OHCHR to collect information
on the measures taken by Governments to eliminate discrimination against persons affected
by leprosy and their family members and to hold a meeting to exchange views among
relevant actors, including Governments, observers of the United Nations, relevant United
Nations bodies, specialized agencies and programmes, NGOs, scientists, medical experts as
well as representatives of persons affected by leprosy and their family members. In the
same resolution, the Council requested the Advisory Committee to examine the report
prepared by OHCHR and to formulate a draft set of principles and guidelines for the
elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members
and to submit it to the Council for consideration by September 2009.
6.
At its third session in August 2009, the Advisory Committee adopted the draft set of
principles and guidelines, taking into account the report of OHCHR, 2 and submitted it to the
Human Rights Council for consideration at its twelfth session in September 2009. In its
resolution 12/7, the Council again requested OHCHR to collect the views of relevant actors
including Governments, observers of the United Nations, relevant United Nations bodies,
specialized agencies and funds and programmes, NGOs, scientists and medical experts, as
well as representatives of persons affected by leprosy and their family members, on the
draft principles and guidelines, and to make those views available to the Advisory
Committee.
7.
The Advisory Committee adopted the revised draft set of principles and guidelines
at its fifth session in August 2010, and submitted it to the Human Rights Council at its
fifteenth session in September 2010.3 In its resolution 15/10, the Council took note with
appreciation of the revised draft and invited the General Assembly to consider, as
appropriate, the issue of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family
members, including possible ways to promote the principles and guidelines.
8.
In December 2010, the General Assembly adopted resolution 65/215, in which it
took note with appreciation of the principles and guidelines and encouraged Governments,
1
2
3
2
E/CN.4/2005/2-E/CN.4/Sub.2/2004/48, p. 35.
A/HRC/10/62.
A/HRC/15/30, annex.
Select target paragraph3
Connect to a paragraph
Connect to an entity
Disable highlights
Add to table of contents