A/HRC/RES/42/6 2. Recognizes that States have the primary responsibility for the promotion and protection of all human rights, including the prevention of human rights violations and abuses; 3. Stresses that States should promote supportive and enabling environments for the prevention of human rights violations, including by, inter alia: (a) Considering ratifying international human rights conventions and covenants; (b) Fully implementing international human rights conventions and covenants to which they are party; (c) Enhancing and developing good governance, democratic systems, the rule of law and accountability; (d) Adopting policies to ensure the enjoyment of all human rights, including civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights; (e) Addressing all forms of discrimination, including racial discrimination; (f) Addressing factors, inter alia inequality and poverty, that may lead to situations in which human rights violations are committed; (g) Promoting a free and active civil society; (h) Promoting freedom of opinion and expression; (i) Ensuring, where they exist, strong and independent national human rights institutions, in accordance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the Paris Principles); (j) Promoting human rights education and training; (k) Ensuring an independent and functioning judiciary; (l) Fighting corruption; 4. Welcomes the role of national human rights institutions in contributing to the prevention of human rights violations, and encourages States to strengthen the mandate and capacity of such institutions, where they exist, to enable them to fulfil this role effectively in accordance with the Paris Principles; 5. Continues to invite national human rights institutions to consider addressing the issue of the role of prevention in the promotion and protection of human rights in the framework of relevant international and regional forums; 6. Welcomes the role of civil society in contributing to the promotion of human rights and the prevention of human rights violations; 7. Acknowledges that, in its resolution 60/251, the General Assembly decided that the Human Rights Council shall, inter alia, contribute, through dialogue and cooperation, towards the prevention of human rights violations and respond promptly to human rights emergencies; 8. Also acknowledges the importance of the universal periodic review as a cooperative mechanism of the Human Rights Council aimed at, inter alia, improving human rights situations on the ground and the fulfilment of the State’s human rights obligations and commitments, based on the principle of promoting the universality, interdependence, indivisibility and interrelatedness of all human rights; 9. Further acknowledges that technical assistance and capacity-building in the field of human rights may contribute to the prevention of human rights violations and abuses; 10. Recognizes the particular importance of the role played by the system of special procedures as a tool in preventing human rights violations and abuses by, inter alia, monitoring, reporting and/or making recommendations to States and other stakeholders, and reaffirms the importance of upholding the independence of the special procedures, in accordance with Human Rights Council resolution 5/2; 2