A/HRC/45/CRP.3 135. The Commission notes with concern that numerous civilians displaced in protection of civilian sites are increasingly lamenting the fact that humanitarian aid to these sites has been diminishing, particularly in Bor (Jonglei State).277 Decreases in humanitarian aid in Jonglei State are due in part to donor fatigue.278 The situation in the protection of civilian sites is even more difficult for those most vulnerable such as children, elderly persons, persons with disabilities, and single mothers. 136. On 1 October 2019, in an effort to set out the needs of displaced persons concerning both aid and their return and reintegration, the Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs of the Government of South Sudan launched a plan titled the “National Framework on Return, Resettlement and Reintegration”.279 The plan acknowledges that between January and March 2018 seven million South Sudanese women, men, boys, and girls – comprising over half of the population – were in need of assistance countrywide. It also notes that, throughout 2018, 6.3 million individuals were food insecure; 1.3 million girls and boys were affected by acute malnutrition; and 4.8 million individuals were in need of humanitarian health services.280 137. Moreover, on 20 February 2020, the Director General of Multilateral Affairs of South Sudan, Ambassador Luate Samuel Lominsuk, delivered a statement to the Human Rights Council in Geneva, Switzerland, noting in pertinent part that “the President of the Republic of South Sudan issued a standing order by which all humanitarian agencies are allowed to deliver humanitarian assistance to affected areas and populations”. 281 138. While the Commission welcomes these two developments, it notes that there has been no implementation of the plan thus far and calls on all parties including key actors under the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity to abide by these commitments in good faith, with a view to alleviating the chronic levels of hunger and acute malnutrition experienced by internally displaced persons residing both inside and outside of protection of civilian sites countrywide. IX. The gendered impact of acute food insecurity 139. Acute malnutrition and food shortages have a particularly gendered effect. As noted above, displaced women and girls who have been made to search for food, water, or firewood have been caught by both Government and SPLA-IO (RM) soldiers and other armed men and raped, gang-raped, and otherwise sexually assaulted.282 Searching for firewood and making charcoal to earn a modest income and sustain livelihoods is usually undertaken by women and girls to support their families. Women are often the sole breadwinners as the men encamped in protection of civilian sites fear to venture out because they might be perceived to belong to the opposition and killed. Women and girls who have been raped or otherwise sexually assaulted when leaving protection of civilian sites increasingly fear leaving the sites and are thus left without an often-vital source of income. See, e.g., ERN 102930 – 102934, para. 9; ERN 102930 – 102934, para. 10. Confidential meeting, 6 December 2019. 279 Confidential document, ERN D120766 – D120773. Chapter 3 (Article 1.2.1.) of the Agreement on the Resolution of Conflict in South Sudan provides for the institution of programmes for relief, protection, repatriation, resettlement, reintegration, and rehabilitation of persons internally displaced and returnees, in coordination with the United Nations and other relief and humanitarian agencies. 280 Confidential document, ERN D120766 – D120773. 281 Statement of the Government of the Republic of South Sudan at the 43rd Session of the Human Rights Council, Delivered by Amb. Luate Samuel Lominsuk, Director General of Multilateral Affairs, Geneva, Switzerland, 26 February 2020, Check Against Delivery. 282 See, e.g., ERN 100625 – 100636. 277 278 34