A/HRC/45/CRP.3 cultural rights of populations politically aligned with the Government at the expense of those displaced (see paras. 93-95, below). b. August and September 2018 73. As a result of the previous attacks, numerous civilians deliberately displaced from Mboro town fled between August and September 2018 into the bush to a place called Ngozili. After hiding in Ngozili for approximately one month, Government soldiers carried out attacks against Ngozili, forcing women, men, and children who had been displaced from Mboro town to flee deeper into the bush to hide.115 74. Beginning in June 2018, humanitarian organisations were constrained from moving around freely with extremely limited access in and around the Wau Triangle area, in part due to active fighting though mainly due to an intricate web of checkpoints erected by Government forces. Direct operational interference was particularly notable in Baggari, Bisselia, Bazia, and Gedi where SPLA forces turned back humanitarian convoys at checkpoints for more than two months between mid-June and late August 2018,116 depriving up to 28,000 people of humanitarian aid.117 During this period, an estimated 28,000 people in the area were in dire need of food, water, health, sanitation, and hygiene and were left without any support.118 After SPLA forces attacked Mboro town, around 2,000 civilians originally from Mboro fled to Ngo Pere village for safety, while others fled into the bush.119 4. Ngo Pere village (September 2018) 75. After securing control over Mboro town, Government forces next deployed to Ngo Pere village in late September 2018, situated between Mboro and Ngoko village. Prior to being attacked, Ngo Pere had inhabited some 1,000 residents from the Ngolo tribe120 and was sheltering approximately 2,000 civilians who had fled Mboro.121 Residents from Ngo Pere village described to the Commission the richness of their agricultural land and 2018 harvests, in particular groundnuts. One woman recalled how she and her husband had collected over 50 kilograms of groundnuts by October 2018 which they had kept inside of their home, and which SPLA forces had pillaged. Describing the reason that SPLA soldiers attacked Ngo Pere village, she stated “I believe that’s the main reason they came to Ngo Pere, to take our harvest”. “Everyone knows they do this. There were no rebels in Ngo Pere; the SPLA wants to capture these areas and take the harvests that the civilians have gathered”.122 76. Concerning the day of the attack, another resident recalled how she was asleep in her home (tukul) with her husband and five children when they were awoken by the sound of gunshots,123 military vehicles, and Land Cruisers124 at approximately 6.00 a.m. on an ERN 101788 – 101793, para. 10. South Sudan: Humanitarian Access Review (January – June 2018), UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS, 15 August 2018; South Sudan: Humanitarian Access Snapshot (July 2018), UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA), 13 August 2018; see also South Sudan: Humanitarian Access Snapshot (August 2018), UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA), 12 September 2018. 117 South Sudan: Humanitarian Access Review (January – December 2018), UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA), at p. 1. 118 South Sudan: Humanitarian Access Review (January – June 2018), UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA), 15 August 2018. 119 ERN 101557 – 101561, para. 12. 120 ERN 101557 – 101561, para. 4. 121 ERN 101557-101561, para. 12. 122 ERN 101557 – 101561, para. 17. 123 ERN 101876 – 101880, para. 5. 124 ERN 101876 – 101880, para. 6. 115 116 20