A/HRC/14/9 of the Child, including by ensuring the full legal prohibition of all corporal punishment of children (Sweden); 24. To adopt specific legislative measures to criminalize corporal punishment (not only abuse) in all settings, together with major awarenessraising campaigns to promote an overall culture of non-violence “through education, dialogue and cooperation” (Spain); 25. To abolish corporal punishment by law and in practice, by enacting specific national legislation prohibiting corporal punishment in all environments (Israel); 26. To explicitly prohibit corporal punishment, under any circumstances, for boys and girls (Chile); 27. To pursue the changes envisioned with regard to the criminal liability of minors (Germany); 28. To create and adopt all legislative and administrative measures necessary to ensure that all families, including those based on non-conventional family models, are treated equally under the law, particularly with regard to issues of residency and inheritance (Israel); 29. To put in place measures to protect members of non-conventional family models from discrimination in terms of employment, immigration, familyrelated social welfare and other public benefits (Netherlands); 30. To take further steps to ensure the equal protection of the rights of persons in non-traditional family models, such as unmarried partners, cohabitants and same-sex civil partners (Sweden); 31. To soften the very strict requirements for citizenship, and to ensure nondiscrimination, particularly with regard to children who have one parent who lacks San Marino citizenship (Czech Republic);1 32. To guarantee dual nationality in order to prevent discrimination against children whose parents have not renounced their nationality of origin (Mexico). 72. The following recommendations did not enjoy the support of San Marino: 1. To accede to (Czech Republic)/ratify (Chile)/consider ratifying (Brazil)/sign and ratify (Spain) the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; San Marino is not in a position to accept the recommendation above, because it includes a request to accede to the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture. The possibility of acceding to that instrument has been considered, but the establishment of an independent national preventive mechanism, as requested by the Optional Protocol, represents a difficult task for San Marino. 2. To clarify the status of the relationship between San Marino’s international obligations and its domestic legislation, to ensure that those international obligations are given effect by domestic courts, and to carry out a comprehensive review of its ius commune in order to identify provisions of 1 14 The recommendation as read during the interactive dialogue: to liberalize the very strict demands for acquiring citizenship, and to ensure non-discrimination, particularly for children who have one parent who does not have the citizenship of San Marino.