A/HRC/13/60 education. That was particularly the case in respect of stateless children. Asylum-seeking and refugee children, including those who had suffered sexual violence and abuse, often faced problems accessing legal remedies. 77. In line with paragraph 96 of the Durban Programme of Action, the panellist strongly encouraged the conduction of studies, especially if they examined the root causes and the various ways in which racism, xenophobia and related intolerance manifested itself vis-àvis asylum-seekers, refugees and migrants, and contained suggestions on ways of combating such expressions and acts. 78. It was noted that another area where children belonging to certain groups faced discrimination was in regard to their right to acquire nationality. Often it was discriminatory policies towards, for example, certain ethnic, religious or minority groups, or towards women, which resulted in statelessness. Ms. Lindholm-Billing pointed out that ensuring the equal right of children to the immediate registration of birth, as called for in paragraph 56 of the Durban Programme of Action, was essential for preventing statelessness, and for enabling children to exercise their other rights. 79. Nicolette Moodie, human rights and gender officer at UNICEF, noted that children from indigenous communities experienced higher mortality rates; they were more prone to low birthweight, malnutrition and disease; and maternal mortality was also particularly high in indigenous areas. In most countries, indigenous children had low school enrolment rates; education provided to them often was not culturally sensitive; indigenous girls were particularly vulnerable to missing out on school because of the multiple forms of discrimination they faced. 80. Moreover, a significant proportion of indigenous children were not registered at birth, which limited access to health and education and increased the risk of child abuse, trafficking and exploitation and led to further exclusion. Indigenous children were also at particular risk of becoming involved in the worst forms of child labour. Furthermore, indigenous young people in some countries were more likely to be incarcerated. 81. The panellist said that many country offices, particularly those in Latin America, supported a range of programmes for indigenous children, within the framework of a human rights-based approach. However, challenges included limited funds, weak coordination with other United Nations agencies, variable relationships with indigenous organizations and relatively low coverage of indigenous populations. It was noted that indigenous peoples should be involved in the identification of their needs, and collaboration with United Nations agencies working on the issue should be strengthened. 82. One delegate speaking on behalf of a regional group emphasized that education was the key to advancement in life and that access to education must be ensured for all children. A suggestion was made to create an information centre on abuse of children in the world. The delegate noted that OHCHR should play a role with regard to the collection of information on the issue. The importance of legislative measures and awareness-raising campaigns was highlighted. 83. Another delegate on behalf of a regional group underlined the importance of criminalizing all forms of violence against children. It was pointed out that children faced multiple forms of discrimination. The delegate said that a discussion in the current forum, on how the fight against impunity for acts of violence against children could be further promoted and implemented at the national level and on the ground, would be welcomed. 84. A participant highlighted the need to study in greater depth how provisions of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action related to children were implemented, in particular by Member States. Another participant suggested that an in-depth study should be undertaken on the situation of children who suffered racism, racial discrimination, 12 GE.10-10828