A/HRC/32/29 V. Conclusions 54. In their concluding remarks, the panellists highlighted the essential role that education plays in addressing racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. States were encouraged to support safe and inclusive school environments, where universal values were at the foreground. The panellists underlined the importance of coming to terms with each country’s history, for instance by teaching the history of slavery, so that students could learn from the past. It was also important to ensure that the diversity of society was duly reflected in the personnel of school, as well as in public institutions such as national parliaments, the civil service sector, the police and the judiciary. The panellists further underlined the importance of combating racism and discrimination within public institutions. 55. With regard to leaders of political groups and parties who propagated hatred and promoted extremist ideologies for popularity and political legitimacy, the panellists noted that, in some countries, there were mechanisms to prohibit political parties if they were found to incite racial hatred or xenophobia. Another practice consisted in stopping the funds available to political parties, since in some countries official bodies could decide on the maintenance of public finance for political parties. At the same time, democratic parties could come together to oppose extremist parties. Finally, anti-racism legislation was the best means for breaking the political career of an extremist leader. When politicians could be banned from participating in elections, they might think twice before propagating racist speech. 56. The panellists also mentioned promoting anti-racial discrimination campaigns through and in sports, particularly football. Expressing great concern about new emerging forms of racism, particularly against vulnerable groups, including migrants, refugees and asylum seekers, the panellists underlined that more vigorous efforts were needed and that everyone had a role to play, including at the national, regional and international levels. 57. Finally, the panellists stated that the adoption and the full and effective implementation of national, regional and international legal frameworks, in line with the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action, the Rabat Plan of Action on the prohibition of advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence and the Programme of Activities for the Implementation of the International Decade for People of African Descent provided a strong basis for eliminating the conditions which caused or perpetuated racial discrimination. 9