A/HRC/44/44 transformations to avoid further climate change may indeed have on jobs in the fossil fuel sector. Given the necessity of change, ILO explains that our transition must “be well managed and contribute to the goals of decent work for all, social inclusion and the eradication of poverty”. 125 But work towards a just transition has taken over two decades to gain speed. States and international institutions have confirmed multiple programmes to address the issue. However, the agenda continues to suffer, not least because some countries use it as a “bargaining chip” to obstruct the climate negotiations. 126 There has been ample evidence for years that sustainable industries can generate quality jobs with the right government and employer supports. 127 Effectively, international solidarity to transform local, national, regional and global economies means acting in good faith to protect workers and work systems through diversification, training and other forms of mutual assistance. Meaningful tripartite engagement at ILO on these steps is also important and is another dimension of human rights-based international solidarity. Quite simply, the current scale and quality of planning is not proportionate to the challenge ahead. 3. Differential impacts on transnational rights holders in marginalized groups 51. The international community is only beginning to grapple with the inequities that climate change perpetuates for marginalized groups who have otherwise made important gains as transnational rights holders under core international human rights instruments. Special procedure mandate holders and treaty bodies have begun to acknowledge the impacts of climate change on indigenous peoples, children, persons with disabilities, older persons, persons living in poverty, workers and women. 128 Novel studies are also being produced on this lived experience. For example, researchers are shedding light on the “ecological grief” that Inuit peoples and Australian farmers experience from the loss of natural surroundings. 129 Others examine how people living in Dhaka respond to climate change in their homes and workplaces. 130 ILO has released a study on heat stress for labourers in Qatar. 131 In addition, one researcher has explored how Arctic indigenous representatives vernacularize understandings of climate change as a “form of life”. 132 These studies capture how encounters with climate change redefine what it means to be socially vulnerable. Still, from the perspective of international solidarity, there is negligible evidence of the concrete steps that Governments, employers, building owners and service providers are taking to implement international human rights commitments that would respond to these emerging issues. 52. In 2019, the Human Rights Council adopted a resolution urging States to formulate a comprehensive, integrated, gender-inclusive and disability-inclusive approach to climate change adaptation and mitigation policies. 133 This provides a starting point for thinking about how marginalized groups ought to be protected through concerted global action to be operationalized at the local level. More information is required, however, to integrate peoples’ lived experience into the laws and policies that jurisdictions use to fulfil their existing international human rights obligations. Therefore, in the Independent Expert’s view, there remains a serious a gap in the expression of human rights-based international 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 18 ILO, “Guidelines for a just transition towards environmentally sustainable economies and societies for all” (Geneva, 2015), p. 4. See Carbon Brief, “COP25: key outcomes agreed at the UN climate talks in Madrid” (15 December 2019). See, e.g., ILO, Greening with Jobs: World Employment Social Outlook 2018 (Geneva, 2018). For example, the “Joint statement on ‘human rights and climate change’”, the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights and the Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment. See Neville Ellis and Ashlee Cunsolo, “Hope and mourning in the Anthropocene: understanding ecological grief”, The Conversation, 4 April 2018. See www.gdi.manchester.ac.uk/research/impact/the-lived-experience-of-climate-change. See www.ilo.org/beirut/projects/qatar-office/WCMS_723539/lang--en/index.htm. Candis Callison, How Climate Change Comes to Matter: the Communal Life of Facts (Durham, North Carolina, Duke University Press, 2014), p. 1. Human Rights Council resolution 41/21.