A/HRC/7/56
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Free Trade Union of Workers of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Despite interventions by the Office
with the Ministry of Interior, no progress seems to have been made in finding the culprits of this
latest killing. These killings have not only had a chilling effect on the ability of trade unionists to
defend labour rights but have further undermined public confidence in the justice system in
Cambodia.
E. Land and livelihoods
34. The Office continued to monitor the grant of economic land concessions, assessing
compliance with the legal framework established by the Land Law and Sub-Decree on Economic
Land Concessions, in particular the prerequisites to granting concessions, including registration
of land, public consultations and the conduct of environmental and social impact assessments.
35. The Office assisted the Special Representative with the preparation of a report presenting a
human rights perspective on economic land concessions, which was released in June 2007. This
report found there was poor compliance with the Land Law and Sub-Decree on Economic Land
Concessions and that as a result, economic land concessions continue to have a negative impact
on human rights in rural communities. The Office has monitored a number of emblematic cases
which show that aggrieved individuals or communities have almost no recourse, whether
administrative or judicial, to protect their rights against arbitrary practices, and that, in most
cases, the relevant authorities and the judicial system have turned against them rather than
protecting their rights under the law.
36. The recommendations made by the Special Representative in his report on economic land
concessions included the review of existing concessions for compliance with the law, reduction
of concessions exceeding the 10,000-hectare size limit, and the publication of information on all
concessions granted at national and provincial levels. The Office shared perspectives on the
management of economic land concessions and pursued these recommendations in
Government-donor coordination mechanisms and meetings. The recommendations are reflected
in the joint monitoring indicators agreed by the Government of Cambodia and its development
partners in June 2007.
37. The Office has continued to draw attention to the promotion and protection of the rights of
indigenous peoples to land and natural resources, as recognized by the Land Law and Forestry
Law. Indigenous land continues to shrink under illegal land deals, the grant of concessions, and
pressure to develop the north-east of Cambodia, yet little action has been taken to protect
indigenous rights to land, and the elaboration of the collective titling process is proceeding
slowly. At the current pace, unless decisive action is taken by the Government, the Office fears
that most local communities will have lost their lands, livelihoods, and cultural heritage by the
time the policy is put in place.
38. In February 2007, the Office, the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the NGO
Forum on Cambodia co-hosted a seminar on indigenous peoples and access to land in Cambodia,
bringing together representatives of indigenous communities, Government, civil society,
development cooperation and United Nations agencies. Guests included the Special Rapporteur
on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people and the Chair
of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. The Office also participated in a
consultation process regarding a draft policy on the registration of indigenous land, and
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