A/HRC/43/66 proposals made by the High-level Panel on Illicit Financial Flows from Africa. Funds would be allocated pro rata to the countries of origin concerned. Where central banks act as independent monetary authorities, they could play a key role in the transfer of funds and in the supervision over the use of the illicit funds. However, for the whole scheme to succeed, there must be a political decision with human rights as a main concern. 64. As far as investments are concerned, the current trend is towards looking at criteria other than just high financial return when investing, including those relating to environmental, social and corporate governance, and their integration into investment analysis. Socially responsible investment is important for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Climate change and the pressure on resources have raised environmental concerns, and such sustainability issues must be taken into account in making investment choices. Given that socioeconomic concerns are closely linked to the Goals, responsible investment has been taking a larger share of the investment market. 12 65. The Global Impact Investing Network encourages investments in companies and funds that generate social and environmental impact along with financial returns.13 Recently, asset managers have increasingly been shaping investment strategies around United Nations targets to safeguard the environment, boost social equity and improve the quality of governance.14 The United Nations Development Programme has published standards to guide private equity fund managers towards investments that advance the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. VII. Joint Fund for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 66. Another possibility would be to use the Joint Fund for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to channel the investment of funds that have been frozen in countries of destination. Set up in 2018, it is aimed at supporting Member States’ efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and providing new sources of financing. It is expected that Member States will make voluntary contributions to the Joint Fund. 67. The Joint Fund for the 2030 Agenda has several objectives, including: (a) to provide integrated policy support; (b) to create robust financing systems; (c) to incentivize integrated and transformative policy shifts; (d) to support national development priorities; (e) to promote scalable investment opportunities aimed at advancing the Sustainable Development Goals; (f) to attract longer-term public and private blended financing; (g) to ensure transparency and diversity of the portfolio of the Joint Fund; and (h) to manage risk and oversee effective monitoring and reporting to all partners. 68. Countries of destination of illicit flows of funds could use the returns from the investment of non-repatriated illicit funds as a contribution to the Joint Fund for the 2030 Agenda to finance efforts aimed at the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals in the countries of origin of the illicit funds. Use of the Joint Fund in this way merits consideration and should be thoroughly studied before implementation. VIII. Conclusions 69. The proposals analysed above for utilizing non-repatriated funds would require arduous negotiation among States and other parties concerned. Their implementation is possible only if, in a spirit of cooperation, all parties agree to make policy changes with a view to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and realizing a better world in which the resources of developing countries and less developed countries are not pilfered to the detriment of their populations. Countries of destination that benefit 12 13 14 12 See the Principles for Responsible Investment of the United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative (www.unpri.org/pri/about-the-pri). See the Global Impact Investing Network (https://theginn.org). Jennifer Thompson, “Why more asset managers are taking cues from UN sustainability goals”, Financial Times, 21 October 2019.