A/HRC/44/40/Add.3 which was started with maternal and child health care and now extended to wide range of services include outpatient, Maternal and child health , point of care test , emergency care and extended scope are the adolescent health, elderly health , Disable health, and school health • Ministry of Health of Malaysia has taken initiative to introduce Tele Primary Care (TPC) clinics in 2005 and TPCOCHIS 2018 to deliver seamless care to the clients in urban and rural area. Furthermore, ministry is also looking at digital healthcare technology such as urbanisation and virtual clinic to increase health access to the population • According to the Fee Act 1999, the population of Malaysia able to enter to the health care system with minimal or no cost. They receive health services from ‘womb to tomb’ • Malaysia has strived towards UHC over the years. There was substantial improvement in health status and services as evidenced through the improvement of the vital statistics. • The figure 1.4% is for Proportion of population with more than 10% household expenditures on health as a share of total household expenditure. • While for population spending more than 25% of household expenditure on health is 0.4%. Paragraph 36 But the two-tiered public-private healthcare system has the effect of segregating healthcare provision by socioeconomic status, leading to lower-income households predominantly seeking care at public facilities, while higher-income households account for the majority (two-thirds) of visits to private facilities. By one estimate 70 percent of specialists are now in the more costly private system, typically located in wealthier areas, where just 30 percent of complicated cases are treated. This lopsided allocation creates shortages of critical staff in an overburdened public healthcare system and has contributed to “rising incidences of overcrowding, long waiting times, delayed consultation and late admission for emergency cases.” Comments from the Government of Malaysia: • This is evident of a progressive health system where majority poor get highly subsidized care in the public sector while the rich who can afford goes to the private sector. • In general, majority of the population had good perception on Malaysia’s healthcare delivery system. The population had a significant positive overall impression (reporting “good” and “excellent”) towards government clinics (77.8%) as compared to private clinics. • The percentage of population perceiving good overall impression towards government hospitals (79.6%) was also significantly higher than private hospitals. Paragraph 37 Access to health services, medicines, and vaccines in rural presents a real challenge. A third of rural households in Sabah and 43.6 percent in Sarawak are more than 9km from a public health center. And villagers need to travel much further to a hospital for any serious medical issue. Stakeholders emphasized that healthcare is in effect not free for those who cannot afford to get to the health center or hospital. Comments from the Government of Malaysia: • Medications are an integral part of treatment. Medications are accessible to patients not only in static health facilities but also through mobile health team service which caters for the health needs of population in hard to reach areas. Community members are also empowered to give basic treatment for minor illnesses and aid in early detection of disease in their community for early referral to healthcare facilities. Members of Wakil Kesihatan Kampung (WKK) and Sukarelawan Perkhidmatan Kesihatan Awam (SPKA) are provided with basic health training and medication to ensure accessibility of health services in rural areas of Sarawak and Sabah. 16