A/HRC/21/61 response of law enforcement agents to protests must comply with the international requirements of necessity and proportionality in the use of force, in accordance with the Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials. 109. The Independent Expert urges Somaliland to abide by its international obligations under international and regional refugee laws and UNHCR guidelines. Somaliland should refrain from the forced repatriation of Somalis from south-central regions, as well as of African refugees and asylum seekers. 110. The Independent Expert urges the Government and Parliament of Somaliland to prohibit the imprisonment of youths simply for disobedience to their parents. While taking into account customary law, parents should have full responsibility for provide their children under the age of 18 with the best possible education and face the challenges in this regard. C. Puntland 111. The Independent Expert urges the Puntland authorities to take appropriate measures to stop the pattern of attacks on judges and prosecutors, as well as on businessmen and religious leaders. A continuation of this trend will have a serious impact on the rule of law and the administration of justice in Puntland. The Independent Expert is also concerned about the dismissal without charges of 21 judges at the request of the Chief of Justice. This increases a vacuum and tensions in the administration of justice. 112. While the hospitality shown by Puntland to internally displaced persons from South-Central Somalia is commendable and the need for Puntland to prevent terrorist acts by Al- Shabaab is understandable, the Independent Expert is concerned about the mass arrests made at checkpoints without due process of young people coming from South-central Somalia, and therefore urges that any action taken in this respect be consistent with Puntland’s obligations under international and African human rights standards. 113. The Independent Expert encourages the Government of Puntland to operationalize the Office of the Human Rights Defender and to appoint its President in a transparent manner, following broad consultations with all stakeholders, including civil society organizations. OHCHR and the Human Rights Unit could provide technical assistance to the Office to ensure that it acts in compliance with the Paris Principles. D. International community 114. The primary attention of the international community in the two weeks before the transition period comes to an end should be to ensure that the elections scheduled in the road map are successfully held. The Independent Expert suggests that AMISOM forces be empowered to deal with any signs of wrongdoing in the electoral process. 115. The international community should consider supporting all credible efforts made by the Government for the promotion and protection of human rights in Somalia. It should in particular support a stronger focus of the Government on economic, social and cultural rights. Specific consideration should be given to the promotion of the right to education, given that almost two generations of Somali children have been denied the benefit of education owing to the protracted conflict. 19