A/HRC/30/19 attention should be paid to the reduction of life sentences and ensuring a genuine possibility of parole for all detainees, including those serving life sentences.230 G. Rehabilitation and reduction of reoffending rates 59. Providing effective rehabilitation services while in custody and following release as well as addressing reoffending are important factors in reducing overcrowding.231 Targeted crime-prevention programmes aimed at specific groups must be considered.232 60. Addressing reoffending rates is a complex task requiring a policy of reintegration into society of former detainees233 and involvement from families234 as well as the community concerned,235 so as to ensure effective reintegration. Further measures, such as drug rehabilitation programmes in order to reduce the risk of reoffending, should be considered favourably.236 H. Oversight and complaints mechanisms 61. Regular monitoring of places of detention is an important factor in addressing the issues of overincarceration and overcrowding, as it increases transparency and efficiency of the prison system237 and makes it possible to detect and combat the phenomena. 238 Moreover, it is important that monitoring be carried out by a variety of relevant bodies and institutions. 62. Oversight by the prosecutors and judiciary is important so that they are cognizant of the prevalent conditions when taking decisions about detention.239 It is also hoped that the draft Basic Principles and Guidelines on remedies and procedures on the right of anyone deprived of their liberty to bring proceedings before a court will help to establish effective mechanisms to ensure judicial oversight over all situations of deprivation of liberty. 240 Inspections carried out by various professional bodies to ensure observance of such standards as health and safety, building standards, hygiene and sanitation are paramount.241 Independent oversight by mechanisms such as national preventive mechanisms, national 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 20 See Vinter and others v. U.K., European Court of Human Rights Judgement (2013). See CAT/OP/MLI/1, para. 67; CAT/OP/BEN/1, para. 151; and CAT/C/GBR/CO/5, para. 31. See also www.achpr.org/files/sessions/52nd/inter-act-reps/185/activty_report_prisons_eng.pdf, pp. 21 and 22; www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/RuleOfLaw/Overincarceration/CHR_Philippines.pdf; www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/RuleOfLaw/Overincarceration/SUHAKAM_Malaysia.pdf; and www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/RuleOfLaw/Overincarceration/RussianFederation.pdf. See CEDAW/C/BRA/CO/7, para. 32. See Council of Europe document CPT/Inf (2015) 12, para. 44; CPT/Inf (2015) 6, para. 46; and www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/RuleOfLaw/Overincarceration/ElSalvador.pdf. See www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/RuleOfLaw/OverIncarceration/UNODC.pdf. See CAT/OP/NZL/1, paras. 33 and 34, and www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/RuleOfLaw/OverIncarceration/UNODC.pdf. See CAT/OP/MDV/1, para. 220. See www.achpr.org/files/sessions/52nd/inter-act-reps/185/activty_report_prisons_eng.pdf, p. 23. See Council of Europe document CPT/Inf (2014) 15, para. 100. See CAT/OP/MLI/1, para. 29, and A/HRC/19/57, para. 36. See www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=16257&LangID=E. See www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/RuleOfLaw/OverIncarceration/UNODC.pdf.