to ensure de facto access to affordable, quality and timely health care and medical treatment for all segments of the population, including disadvantaged and marginalized individuals and groups; (d) reverse the current negative trend in vaccination coverage. Mortality rates  The Committee recommends that the State party step up its efforts with a view to further reducing the high rate of infant, child and maternal mortality, including by improving the quality, availability and accessibility of medical assistance throughout the country. Access to emergency medical care for asylum-seekers  The Committee recommends that the State party take all the necessary measures to guarantee that asylum-seekers have full access to free emergency medical assistance. HIV/AIDS The State party should continue its efforts to prevent and combat HIV/AIDS, including through the effective implementation of the National HIV/AIDS Programme 2014–2018, inter alia by: (a) enhancing its national preventive strategy, including its awareness-raising activities, taking into account the spread of HIV infection beyond the original risk groups and providing adequate funding for its prevention activities, including for needle and syringe exchange (NSE) programmes; (b) improving the coverage of adequate confidential testing throughout the country; (c) enhancing its counselling and referral services; (d) addressing shortages of antiretroviral drugs; (e) providing for access to adequate laboratory monitoring for HIV-infected persons; (f) progressively increasing the antiretroviral therapy coverage, including by considering the introduction of generic-based antiretroviral drugs. Tuberculosis The Committee recommends that the State party step up its measures with a view to improving its policies and strategies for disease prevention and detection, ensuring sufficiency and accessibility of specialized tuberculosis treatment and medication and adequate service delivery for patients at the primary health care level. Drug use The Committee recommends that the State party adopt a human rights-based approach in addressing the problem of drug use, including by: (a) conducting awareness-raising programmes about the serious health risks associated with drug use; (b) addressing the discrimination against drug dependent persons; (c) providing appropriate health-care, psychological support services and rehabilitation to such persons, including effective drug dependence treatment such as opioid substitution therapy (OST); (d) allocating financial resources for the proper operation of opioid substitution therapy (OST) and needle and syringe exchange (NSE) programmes and increasing their coverage, ensuring inter alia better access to such programmes in prison settings. UPR Recommendations (2012)  Continue to implement measures and programmes to promote and protect the rights of children, in particular the right to education and the right to health. 188 | P a g e