A/HRC/33/53 78. The authorities in Guatemala report that in many cases the danger of rape is so high that traffickers themselves, in order to prevent pregnancy,54 force teenage girls to undergo a contraceptive injection before starting on their journey. 79. Most victims of sexual exploitation are female. For instance, most of the unaccompanied migrant children in Italy originating from Nigeria who are reported to be victims of trafficking and exploitation are girls. 80. In Senegal, there is a clear gender dimension to the kind of work that migrants seek to engage in. Thus, domestic work is mostly designated to female migrants and jobs that require physical strength are mostly designated to males. The data indicate that migration has gradually become more “feminized” and that Senegalese girls represent two out of three victims of trafficking.55 VI. Regional and inter-State coordination 81. For the purpose of effective decision-making and ensuring the legal rights of migrant children, many countries work with multi-agency coordination mechanisms involving the authorities of the federal public administration, international organizations, members of academia and civil society organizations. Various procedures are put in place between ministers, government agencies and local institutions for the purpose of sharing information and collaborating on the issue of migrant children, but in many cases these procedures are not efficient or designed from a human rights perspective. 82. Cooperation between countries in Latin America is focused on the arrest and repatriation of children and adolescents to their countries of origin, hence the invisibility of children as stakeholders. The need for protection is often absent in analyses of situations that expose children, which is why the granting of refugee status is not an option in most cases, despite the fact that children sometimes have legitimate reasons and are eligible for asylum. International collaboration is rarely focused on prevention.56 83. At the regional level, Mexico is part of the Regional Conference on Migration, a multilateral forum on international migration for countries in the Caribbean and in Central and North America dealing with issues concerning countries of origin, transit, destination and return of migrants. The members of the Regional Conference on Migration have formed an ad hoc group on migrant children in order to promote immediate action and effective protection of unaccompanied migrant children during all phases of the migration. However, despite its importance, this effort has had little real impact. 84. Regional treaties to which Mexico and States in Central America and the Caribbean are parties do not impose specific obligations on countries of transit or destination with respect to guarantees for children in migration processes, such as the prohibition of detention, due process and the principle of the best interests of the child.57 Regional bodies such as the Central American Integration System and the Central American Commission of Directors of Migration58 have been key to the dialogue and the implementation of decisions on migration. Although regional agreements for the free movement across borders such as the Central America Four-Border Control Agreement and the single Central American visa 54 55 56 57 58 Information provided by Aldeas Infantiles SOS, Guatemala. Information provided by Caritas Senegal. WorldVision Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Office. Centro de Derechos Humanos Fray Matías. The Central American Commission of Directors of Migration is an initiative embedded within the Regional Conference on Migration. 15