A/HRC/26/33 Rapporteur reiterates the need to consult a wide range of national actors, including internally displaced persons and displacement-affected communities themselves. All the relevant tools for the development and drafting of the instrument should be identified – such as the abovementioned manuals, the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons38 and the Operational Guidelines on the Protection of Persons in Situations of Natural Disasters39 so that the lead Government entity can then organize the drafting and consultation process. (d) Consultation and drafting 74. During the consultation and drafting stage, a bottom-up approach should be taken to ensure that the views and concerns of internally displaced persons are adequately reflected and addressed, as they are the ones who will be primarily affected by the national instrument. In Kenya, a number of workshops and bilateral meetings were held and attended by the Parliamentary Select Committee, representatives of government ministries, the Special Rapporteur and the staff supporting his mandate. The Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission was also consulted. The Parliamentary Select Committee carried out 26 public hearings and field visits around the country from March to October 2011 to gain further insights into the plight of internally displaced persons in Kenya.40 75. The fifth stage in the process of developing a national instrument allows for amendments or changes to be made, and is useful for ensuring buy-in from relevant stakeholders and the effective implementation of the instrument. In Kenya, the initial draft legislation was reviewed in October 2011 during a workshop convened jointly by the National Protection Working Group on Internal Displacement and the Parliamentary Select Committee. The Working Group and the Committee established a taskforce with the aim of reviewing the draft legislation and ensuring consistency with the draft policy on internally displaced persons, the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Kampala Convention. A validation workshop was then held in December 2011 by the Working Group and the Committee to consider and approve the reviewed draft legislation.41 76. With regard to the adoption of the national instrument, in Kenya, the Parliamentary Select Committee tabled its final report before Parliament in February 2012, and the bill on internally displaced persons was tabled in April 2012. The bill underwent three readings before being passed by Parliament on 4 October 2012. The President assented to the bill on 31 December 2012.42 (e) Implementation and monitoring 77. Finally, the implementation and monitoring phase is an essential and often ongoing one. As implementation will be achieved gradually, it can be helpful to prioritize implementation activities, ensuring that emergency needs are addressed while longer-term needs and concerns are not overlooked. Implementation may also require capacity-building at various levels of government. Dissemination and awareness-raising among government officials at all levels, as well as among internally displaced persons and other displacementaffected communities, in relevant languages and through appropriate channels in order to ensure the most vulnerable populations are reached, are also critical steps to ensure effective 38 39 40 41 42 18 Available from https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/Documents/IASC%20Framework%20DS%20for%20IDPs.pdf. Available from https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/Documents/Operational%20Guidelines.pdf. Danish Refugee Council and Refugee Consortium of Kenya, Behind the scenes. Lessons Learnt (see footnote 36), p. 27. Ibid. Ibid.