A/HRC/33/45 Standard 3: The right to development shall be centred on the individual and promoted at the national level, which requires a comprehensive and inclusive approach based on good, responsible governance. Since there are different levels of development, however, national efforts must be strengthened and reinforced by regional cooperation, international assistance and contributions by development agencies at the national, regional and international levels, and also by inputs from civil society bodies and the media. Standard 4: Priority should be given to addressing the most basic human needs, namely, poverty, food, water and sanitation, health, education, housing and gender equality. 55. With regard to monitoring the implementation of the above standards, the ChairRapporteur proposed a voluntary mechanism. States, regional and international organizations would submit reports on efforts made at the bilateral, regional and international levels to the Human Rights Council, for example, within the context of the universal periodic review. In the long term, quantitative criteria should be used to measure national and international efforts. The indicators for measuring the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals could facilitate measurement of the implementation of the right to development. He stressed that a selective or segmented approach should not be taken to human rights, which are interrelated and interdependent. The right to development addressed human needs, which were critical to the attainment of human rights. The standards were not an end in themselves, but rather the beginning of a journey towards the full implementation of the right to development, the “stepping stones” or a road map to the final destination. 56. During the discussion, the European Union stated that the document was timely, especially with a view to the recently adopted 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Although it supported the use of agreed language, it felt that it might be excessive to affirm that the 2030 Agenda constituted an impetus to the realization of the right to development and solved controversies about the right to development, given that divergences persisted. While the standards focused on international cooperation, national responsibilities had to be stressed. While the new international development goals were crucial for the realization of the right to development, the goals should not be implemented without reflecting on the links with already existing human rights standards on housing, education and gender equality, which are binding upon States parties. Legally binding human rights standards should not be reformulated with a view of finding consensus. On the core elements, the European Union argued that participation, equality, non-discrimination and selfdetermination should be singled out clearly as core standards or cross-cutting elements. Gender equality should be a cross-cutting issue also. Some questions were raised with regard to the reference to women and their nurturing role in the family, as this seemed to suggest that this was the sole activity of women, and to avoiding duplication with the Sustainable Development Goal monitoring process. 57. The Islamic Republic of Iran, on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, stated that the standards prepared by the Chair-Rapporteur underscored a right to development-based approach. The implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was dependent on an integrated, holistic and comprehensive approach to the implementation and realization of the right to development, which required a firm commitment by all actors. While giving significant impetus to the implementation of the right to development, the 20130 Agenda was not a substitute for discussion on the conceptual framework of the right to development, such as the elaboration of norms. The Non-Aligned Movement remained concerned about existing challenges and conceptual debates on the right to development. The report of the Chair-Rapporteur was based on a consensual and noncontroversial understanding of the right to development. The Non-Aligned Movement 16