A/HRC/43/3/Add.3 Colombia would not meet Sustainable Development Goal 1 of reducing extreme poverty to 3 per cent by 2030.38 60. Corruption adversely affected the State’s ability to fulfil its obligation to allocate the maximum of its available resources to guarantee economic, social and cultural rights. The National Development Plan 2018–2022 recognizes that “corruption has a devastating effect on development in communities and regions”. 39 The Office of the Comptroller General indicated that it only monitored 17 per cent of the national budget and recovered merely 0.4 per cent of funds embezzled annually. 40 The Office of the Attorney General revealed that the cost of corruption in the health sector alone was approximately $295 million. 41 OHCHR regretted that, as at December 2019, Congress had approved only 4 out of 24 anticorruption bills that had been considered.42 B. Inequality and discrimination 61. The percentage of people living in multidimensional poverty was three times higher in rural than in urban areas.43 The percentage of rural households without access to drinking water was nearly 14 times higher than in urban areas and illiteracy was between three and four times higher, representing an increase compared to 2018. 44 Indigenous peoples and Afro-Colombian communities, the majority of whom live in rural areas, are disproportionately affected by such discrimination. The five departments with the highest levels of multidimensional poverty were Chocó, Guainía, La Guajira, Vaupés and Vichada, 45 which have the highest representation of indigenous peoples and AfroColombian communities.46 62. The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women expressed concern regarding the gender wage gap in Colombia, as women continued to earn less than men, with a salary gap of 19 per cent. 47 In addition, 13.1 per cent of women were unemployed, compared to 8.1 per cent of men.48 63. OHCHR observed huge challenges to fulfilling the right to health in rural areas. The maternal mortality rate in Amazonas, Chocó, La Guajira, Vaupés and Vichada showed a slight decrease in 201949 compared to 2018.50 Nevertheless, this rate was still higher than for the rest of Colombia. In rural areas of Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Caquetá, Guainía, Putumayo and Vaupés, there were no health centres accessible to the populations or facilities were in poor condition, lacking personnel and medication. 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Panorama Social de América Latina 2018, LC/PUB.2019/3-P, Santiago, 2019, p. 21. Bases del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2018–2022, p. 5. See https://www.eltiempo.com/justicia/investigacion/contralor-carlos-felipe-cordoba-la-contraloriano-funciona-es-ineficiente-y-obsoleta-404536. See https://www.fiscalia.gov.co/colombia/noticias/el-sector-de-la-salud-ha-perdido-en-billon-depesos-por-hechos-de-corrupcion-fiscal-martinez-neira/. https://transparenciacolombia.org.co/wp-content/uploads/veeduria-anticorrupcion-boletin-7.pdf. See https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/condiciones_vida/pobreza/2018/cp_pobreza_ multidimensional_18.pdf. A/HRC/40/3/Add.3, para. 60. See https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/condiciones_vida/pobreza/2018/cp_pobreza_ multidimensional_18.pdf. See https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/boletines/grupos-etnicos/presentacion-gruposetnicos-2019.pdf. CEDAW/C/COL/CO/9, para. 35. See https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/boletines/ech/ech_genero/bol_eje_sexo_may19 _jul19.pdf. See https://www.ins.gov.co/buscadoreventos/BoletinEpidemiologico/2019_Boletin_epidemiologico_semana_47.pdf, p. 6. See https://www.ins.gov.co/buscadoreventos/BoletinEpidemiologico/2018%20Boletín%20epidemiológico%20semana%2047.pdf, p. 9. 11