A/HRC/42/49 d) its identity; Other interests, including those aimed at rendering an area homogeneous in e) Real or perceived threats posed by protected groups, populations or individuals against interests or objectives of perpetrators, including perceptions of disloyalty to a cause; f) Real or perceived membership of or support for armed opposition groups by protected groups, populations or individuals; g) Ideologies based on the supremacy of a certain identity or on extremist versions of identity; h) Politicization of past grievances, tensions or impunity; i) Social trauma caused by past incidents of violence not adequately addressed and that produced feelings of loss, displacement, injustice and a possible desire for revenge. Risk factor 5. Capacity to commit atrocity crimes a) Availability of personnel and of arms and ammunition, or of the financial resources, public or private, for their procurement; b) Capacity to transport and deploy personnel and to transport and distribute arms and ammunition; c) Capacity to encourage or recruit large numbers of supporters from populations or groups, and availability of the means to mobilize them; d) Strong culture of obedience to authority and group conformity; e) Presence of or links with other armed forces or with non-State armed groups; f) Presence of commercial actors or companies that can serve as enablers by providing goods, services, or other forms of practical or technical support that help to sustain perpetrators; g) Financial, political or other support of influential or wealthy national actors; h) Armed, financial, logistic, training or other support of external actors, including States, international or regional organizations, private companies, or others. Risk factor 6. Absence of mitigating factors a) Limited or lack of empowerment processes, resources, allies or other elements that could contribute to the ability of protected groups, populations or individuals to protect themselves; b) Lack of a strong, organized and representative national civil society and of a free, diverse and independent national media; c) Lack of interest and focus of international civil society actors or of access to international media; d) Lack of, or limited presence of, the United Nations, international nongovernmental organizations or other international or regional actors in the country and with access to populations; e) Lack of membership and effective participation of the State in international or regional organizations that establish mandatory membership obligations; f) Lack of exposure, openness or establishment of political or economic relations with other States or organizations; g) Limited cooperation of the State with international and regional human rights mechanisms; h) Lack of incentives or willingness of parties to a conflict to engage in dialogue, make concessions and receive support from the international community; GE.19-13419 55