A/HRC/28/61
to have access to environmental information in the possession of the Government, and that
provides for administrative and judicial review of alleged violations. The Czech Republic
has adopted a law that allows individuals to request access to different types of information
through multiple means, and that requires the Government to provide the information as
quickly as possible and at the latest within 30 days of the request. Any decision to deny
requested information is subject to administrative and judicial review.
33.
Some States have undertaken innovative approaches to obtaining environmental
information. For example, El Salvador operates an Environmental Observatory that
systematically monitors potential environmental threats based on observations by a network
of local observers. The Observatory provides early warning of natural disasters, including
hurricanes and earthquakes, so that responses can minimize their effects on life and
property.
34.
Another good practice is the publication of annual reports on the state of the
environment. Examples include reports by the Czech Republic that evaluate the state of the
Czech environment based on 36 indicators, reports by South Africa focusing on
enforcement activities, and reports by Spain that were recently redesigned to facilitate their
viewing by electronic means, including on mobile devices.
35.
Some of the most innovative practices in respect of environmental information
concern education and awareness-raising. For example, Algeria includes environmental
education as one of the key topics of its national plan of action for environment and
sustainable development. It has designed and implemented educational tools for different
levels of schools, as well as organizing seminars and workshops to train teachers. Ghana
has instituted the AKOBEN programme to assess the performance of mining and
manufacturing operations through a five-colour rating scheme that is easily understood by
the public. Costa Rica’s Certificate of Sustainable Tourism programme assigns companies
in the tourism industry a “sustainability level” rating, which provides information to
consumers about the degree to which businesses comply with or exceed environmental
standards.
36.
Another good practice in this area is to raise awareness at the international level of
the relationship between human rights and environmental protection. UNEP has taken
several important initiatives in this respect. In addition to organizing the consultations with
the Independent Expert described above, it has published reports on human rights and the
environment, including a joint report with OHCHR to the Rio+20 UN Conference on
Sustainable Development in 2012 and a compendium of resources on human rights and the
environment in 2014.
37.
At the regional level, in October 2013, the Asia-Europe Meeting convened more
than 130 government officials, academics, and civil society representatives from 48 Asian
and European countries to discuss the challenges presented by environmental harm to the
protection of human rights. In September 2014, the ASEAN Intergovernmental
Commission on Human Rights organized a workshop on human rights, environment and
climate change in Yangon, Myanmar, to discuss the linkages between environmental
sustainability and human rights in light of the inclusion of the right to a safe, clean and
sustainable environment in the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration adopted in 2012.
38.
Civil society organizations have also engaged in good practices in education. For
example, in Uganda, the National Association of Professional Environmentalists conducts a
Sustainability School Programme that builds the capacity of local communities to seek
transparency and accountability of oil companies and Governments on environmental
matters.
39.
States have adopted a wide variety of online tools that provide good practices in
facilitating access to environmental information. The Czech Republic has created the
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