A/HRC/43/45/Add.2 101. While number of infrastructure projects being financed in Mongolia by international partners ultimately aim to achieve more inclusive sustainable growth or complement social safety net programmes, both positive and negative impacts on human rights need to be carefully examined beforehand to ensure that potential adverse consequences are prevented and the projects truly benefit all. The fact that none of the international financial institution safeguards even mentions human rights is revealing.105 A robust and comprehensive law on impact assessment is needed, based on substantive and procedural international human rights standards. 102. The Independent Expert recommends that the Government: (a) Conduct a gender-sensitive, participatory human rights impact assessment of economic reforms, in line with the guiding principles; (b) Carry out debt sustainability analysis from a human rights perspective; (c) Continue mobilizing public revenues from the mining sector and other domestic revenues such as taxation and social insurance contributions to create sustainable intergenerational and virtuous linkages between the various socioeconomic groups; (d) Deploy further effort to implement the industrial policy while ensuring policy coherence, and consider including a dimension concerning investment in research, technology and innovation; (e) Invest more human and financial resources in the Ministry of Environment and Tourism to conduct more robust, systematic and comprehensive environmental and human rights impact assessments in the mining sector; (f) Develop a domestic, professional and independent policy analysis capacity within the public sector to avoid dependence on private consultancy firms; (g) Take further steps to support the technical capacity of affected communities, particularly at the local level, and civil society to participate in independent impact assessment processes; (h) Consider conducting a study to assess the extent of the shadow economy and illicit financial flows in the country; (i) Ensure that banks and financial intermediaries exercise due diligence with clients, particularly politically exposed persons, high-net-worth individuals and large corporations and corporate groups, and assess the effectiveness of the existing regulatory framework; (j) Require customs officials to use available databases of information about comparable pricing of world trade in goods to analyse imports and exports and identify transactions that require additional scrutiny; 106 (k) Adopt effective regulation to tackle conflict of interest, prevention of lobbying by various sectors and more robust protection of whistle-blowers in line with international human rights standards; (l) Establish a joint agency among the relevant ministries, including the Ministry of Health, to monitor the health impacts of the mining sector on workers, local communities and the environment, paying specific attention to the most vulnerable groups, including children, older persons and people with disabilities; (m) Ensure that independent environmental impact assessments for the granting of mining licences are systematically conducted; in this context, ensure regular monitoring and follow-up, making sure that potential unexpected impacts are both identified and addressed; 105 106 See Amnesty International, Falling Short. A/HRC/31/61, para. 87 (c). 19