A/HRC/40/8 alternative mechanisms and sanctions of a socio-educational nature, with particular focus on social reintegration. 51. The Supreme Court of Justice had reaffirmed the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons to marriage, to have one’s birth certificate rectified following a sex change, and to access social security. It had issued protocols concerning the prohibition of homophobic expressions. 52. The National Criminal Enforcement Act of 2016 regulated pretrial detention, the enforcement of sentences and social reintegration. Preventive prison sentences represented 19.52 per cent of the precautionary measures imposed by judges. 53. The General Act on the Prevention, Investigation and Punishment of Torture of 2017 had standardized the classification of criminal offences, assigned competences and established assistance for victims. Through specialized public prosecutor’s offices, the right to submit independent expert reports, the non-applicability of statutes of limitations and the development of a national programme for the eradication of torture were guaranteed. The protocol for investigating crimes of torture, which had been approved in 2017, defined investigative methodologies and procedures to be followed by prosecutors, experts and the police. Between 2013 and 2018, some 36 sentences had been passed for crimes of torture. 54. The General Act on Enforced Disappearance of Persons, adopted in 2017, had emanated from a dialogue with civil society, relatives of victims and OHCHR. The office of the special prosecutor for enforced disappearance had been created to coordinate investigations into that crime, and was currently investigating 939 cases. It included a specialized unit for cases involving migrants and an external search and research mechanism that coordinated with authorities in other countries to locate and repatriate bodies or human remains. A protocol for searching for disappeared persons and investigating the offence of enforced disappearance had been approved. It combined investigative criteria and procedures, including the use of context analysis as a tool for addressing those crimes. 55. Regarding attacks against journalists, the office of the special prosecutor for offences committed against freedom of expression had carried out 84 inquiries and requested 61 arrest warrants. Some 36 people had been linked to prosecutions and eight convictions had been handed down between January 2015 and October 2018. 56. The protocol for the investigation of crimes committed against freedom of expression was approved in 2018 with the aim of prioritizing lines of investigation related to freedom of expression and a context analysis methodology. 57. Regarding the case of the 43 students in Ayotzinapa, the precautionary measures adopted by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and 98 per cent of the 20 recommendations made by the interdisciplinary group of experts had been complied with. The investigation and search activities had been carried out with the special follow-up mechanism that had been established for that case. Mexico had received 11 visits and submitted five questionnaires about the action it had taken. More than 100 people had been prosecuted on the grounds that they had been involved in the kidnapping of the students, and 27 individuals had been prosecuted for the attempted murder of one of the students. 58. Mexico incorporated a cross-cutting gender strategy across all public administration, through the National Programme for Equality of Opportunities and Non-discrimination against Women 2013–2018. The National System for Equality between Women and Men had been consolidated in order to strengthen coordination with the legislative and judicial branches, with the 32 federal states and with the Comprehensive Programme to Prevent, Treat, Punish and Eradicate Violence against Women. 59. Gender parity had been achieved in the Federal Congress, as well as in many local congresses. In 2017, the 32 federal states had adopted the nationwide definition of the crime of femicide. 60. Egypt welcomed cooperation with human rights mechanisms and valued efforts to achieve gender equality and combat violence against women. 5