A/HRC/36/40
that it became necessary to issue a press release, in which Bank President Jim Yong Kim
stated:
We deplore the high level of fear and violence in Honduras. Berta Caceres was one
of dozens of environmental activists who have been killed during the last six years.
We urge the Government to address the deep-rooted land conflict in the region and
bring this violence to an end. We know that strong environmental and social policies
are key to achieving our goals of ending extreme poverty and boosting shared
prosperity. This makes it all the more important that voices of people like Berta are
not silenced.53
49.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights also observed:
Over the past year, at least six more campaigners have been killed in Honduras,
including … José de los Santos Sevilla, the leader of the indigenous Tolupán people.
Seven were killed in Colombia, Guatemala and Mexico during a single week in
January, in connection with hydroelectric dams, mining and agribusiness projects …
In addition to murder, the tools of repression include curbs on peaceful assembly,
clampdowns on non-governmental organizations, attacks on independent media,
state censorship, draconian antiterror laws, state-sponsored vilification, surveillance,
arbitrary detention, torture and disappearances. In some countries, punitive laws and
special law-enforcement agencies have been created specifically to protect investors’
interests.54
F.
Business bias
50.
In 2002, the Bank started the Doing Business project,55 with the mandate to rank
countries on how their national regulations operate in favour of the “ease of doing
business”. From its inception, the project was criticized for promoting deregulation and the
lowering of social and environmental standards. The Bank responded by removing the
project’s “employing workers” indicator from its scoring methodology, because it
undermined labour standards and internationally recognized workers’ rights.56 The Oakland
Institute has decried that and other flawed benchmarks, including the “paying taxes”
indicator, which rewards the reduction of all types of corporate taxes, including
environmental and social taxes levied to protect citizens and the planet.57 The most recent
Doing Business report actually notes as “good reforms” the abolition of environmental
protection fees for corporations in Spain 58 and Viet Nam, 59 and praises the reduction of
private sector taxes in a total of 28 countries. 60 Another example of incomprehensible
interference in the necessary regulatory space of States is the bad score given to Tanzania
as “punishment” for introducing a workers’ compensation tariff to be paid by employers, 61
and the bad grade accorded to Malta for increasing employers’ maximum social security
contribution.62
51.
Based on the Doing Business model, the Bank initiated the Enabling the Business of
Agriculture project in 2013. It scores countries on a range of agriculture-related “good
regulatory practices”, including how governments facilitate the importation and distribution
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
12
See www.worldbank.org/en/topic/indigenouspeoples/brief/honduras-and-indigenous-people.
See www.miamiherald.com/opinion/op-ed/article136884218.html.
See www.doingbusiness.org/reports/global-reports/doing-business-2017.
See www.doingbusiness.org/Methodology/Changes-to-the-Methodology,
www.ituc-csi.org/ituc-calls-on-world-bank-to?lang=en,
www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/22/262p%E2%80%939 and
old.brettonwoodsproject.org/update/70/bwupdt70_ai.pdf.
See www.oaklandinstitute.org/blog/world-bank%E2%80%99s-doing-business-rankingsrelinquishing-sovereignty-good-grade.
See www.doingbusiness.org/Reforms/Overview/Economy/spain.
See www.doingbusiness.org/reforms/overview/economy/vietnam.
See www.doingbusiness.org/reports/thematic-reports/paying-taxes.
See www.doingbusiness.org/Reforms/Overview/Economy/tanzania.
See www.doingbusiness.org/Reforms/Overview/Economy/malta.
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