A/HRC/16/69 engagement and follow-up at the country level, with capacity-building activities for legislators and technical and financial support for law reform. C. Increasing participation of those vulnerable to and living with HIV 54. The Greater Involvement of People Living with or Affected by HIV/AIDS is a long-standing principle of the HIV response and one of its human rights successes. However, as the HIV epidemic confronts a new generation of people vulnerable to HIV and of leaders to address it, it is critical to renew, expand and improve the participation of those vulnerable to and living with HIV. Much has been done to support the capacity of people living with HIV and that of women to participate, but more still needs to be done. The efforts to involve members of key populations at risk are insufficient. 55. In its deliberative processes, the United Nations should set an example for the world of facilitating meaningful participation of people living with and vulnerable to HIV. Further consideration should be given to granting status of the United Nations Economic and Social Council to organizations of people living with HIV and key affected population along the lines of the principle of the Greater Involvement of People Living with or Affected by HIV/AIDS to ensure the meaningful participation of these persons in HIV response. D. Eliminating gender-based discrimination 56. Many gender analyses show how subordination of and violence against women and girls drive HIV transmission and raise gender-based barriers to care, treatment and support; funded programmes to address intersections between HIV and gender inequality nonetheless do not seem to be of the quantity or quality commensurate with the enormity of this problem. Many human rights violations directly undermine access to HIV services for children and young people. Human rights protections around HIV testing, including informed consent, confidentiality, and being able to ask questions of a knowledgeable person in a private setting, are not adequately supported. Criminalization of HIV transmission and exposure is enshrined in laws and court decisions that depart significantly from international guidance and human rights norms. Such laws also risk affecting women more than men, as women are subjected to mandatory prenatal HIV testing. 57. The mobilization of Government, civil society and donors to scale-up programmes that address gender-based subordination and violence is an essential priority. At the Geneva consultation, representatives of non-governmental organizations called for robust funding of the Agenda for Accelerated Country Action for Women, Girls, Gender Equality and HIV launched by UNAIDS in February 2010. The Agenda, which has a five-year time frame, calls for investing in better data collection to document the impact of HIV on women and girls, dramatically scaled-up efforts to eliminate gender-based violence, and greater understanding and attention to the social and economic factors that contribute to the HIV risk faced by women and girls. The leadership of United Nations, regional and national human rights bodies, as well as of UN Women, will be crucial to this effort. GE.10-17842 17