A/HRC/21/59 action, whereas the paper of Human Rights First focused on the national level. It was uncertain whether these national measures suffice the magnitude of the phenomenon. He supported the role of political and religious leaders, but this should be complementary to legal and administrative procedures. 61. Egypt appreciated the practical approach; however, if xenophobia encompassed several types of crimes it would be unclear adding that that there was no agreed definition of a bias-based crime. He said that xenophobia was against a foreign individual and not groups and that the minimum agreed definition refers to foreigners. 62. Ms. Fanny Dufvenmark and Ms. Christine Aghazarm from IOM made presentations at the 6th meeting, on international migration issues, later that day. With respect to xenophobia and migrants, Ms. Dufvenmark stated that as a starting point, it was important to understand that, although they often overlap, racism and xenophobia are two distinct phenomena. There is no international definition of what constitutes xenophobia; however, IOM had chosen to use a definition describing the phenomenon as: ―(…) attitudes, prejudices and behaviour that reject, exclude and often vilify persons, based on the perception that they are outsiders or foreigners to the community, society or national identity.‖ 63. All forms of discrimination could not be classified as xenophobia, but it was apparent that migrants often are directly and indirectly discriminated against because of xenophobic attitudes and as a result they may not be able enjoy and exercise their human rights. They stated that xenophobic attitudes against migrants were becoming more prevalent and all States are affected by this negative trend to varying degrees. Xenophobic attitudes were often based on misperceptions about migrants and migration. Dispelling several common myths/misunderstandings about migrants and migration is one step in combating negative perception and xenophobia. 64. International migration law extended over various branches of international law and most of migrants‘ fundamental rights are protected therein. However, the protection of rights for certain groups may require more attention as demonstrated by the implementation of additional human rights treaties such as: Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (1979); the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989); and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006). The rights provided by these instruments apply to migrants regardless of migratory status. The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families which entered into force in 2003 provided a comprehensive legal framework for the protection of human right for migrants. It does not create any new rights for migrants, but it ensured that the already existing human rights applied to migrants as well and it protected regular and irregular migrants from xenophobia. 65. Ms. Aghazarm explained that IOM worked directly with its partners to address the challenges posed by xenophobia in four major ways: policy dialogue such as the International Dialogue on Migration (IDM), on the ground programmes, media engagement and engaging directly with migrants. The activities were based on the premise of fostering an informed debate on migration and the challenges of cultural diversity as well as enhancing the knowledge base on migration issues more broadly. 66. On the ground, IOM had been programming, informing and educating policymakers and the wider public about migration and was also facilitating the integration of migrants – both key in combating xenophobia. One good practice example was that through directly working within the educational system in countries of destination on toolkits, teacher trainer manuals inter religious dialogues, trainings and curriculum materials. IOM also directly engaged with the media to promote balanced reporting and analysis on migration to combating misperceptions of migrants and xenophobic attitudes. It was also a significant 32