A/HRC/24/57 for labour, sexual exploitation and body parts, particularly of persons with albinism (CCPR/C/KEN/CO/3, para. 17). In 2010, a court in the United Republic of Tanzania sentenced a national from another country for kidnapping and trafficking in persons, for trying to sell a man with albinism for US$ 250,000.29 The arrest of a man crossing the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, carrying the head of a child with albinism in his suitcase, was mentioned in a UNICEF report.30 Other cases of cross-border trade and trafficking in persons were reported to OHCHR by multiple sources. 40. In relation to the sale of children, the Special Representative on Violence against Children has noted that: “In some cases, acts of violence and killings have been committed by members of the family, and children have been known to have been ‘sold’ by their families to outsiders. The absence of adequate registration of vital statistics, such as information on birth and death, further enhances the likelihood of cases going unreported and failing to be investigated”.31 41. In its review of the United Republic of Tanzania under the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, the Committee on the Rights of the Child expressed its deep concern about reports of the sale of children for ritual purposes, including ritual killings of children with albinism (CRC/C/OPSC/TZA/CO/1, paras. 20 and 21). 42. While article 3 (a) of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, refers to trafficking in person for the purposes of exploitation, including removal of organs, it does not apply to cases of trade in organs. C. Infanticide and abandonment of children 43. As mentioned by the Special Representative on Violence against Children, “children with albinism are at high risk of abandonment, discrimination and exclusion as a result of the appearance of their skin, and due to disability factors such as impaired eyesight and high susceptibility to skin cancer and other health risks associated with albinism”. 32 44. Harmful traditional practices of infanticide of children with albinism have been reported in a few East African tribes.33 Written submissions received by OHCHR from civil society organizations in African countries refer to persistent beliefs that children with albinism are a potential source of misfortune and/or the proof of unfaithful wives. As a result, sporadic instances of infanticide still occur and the abandonment of children seems to be a common practice.34 29 30 31 32 33 34 UTSS submission and court verdict. Cimpric, Children Accused, p. 28. Special Representative’s submission. Ibid. The Sukuma tribe traditionally killed their babies with albinism as soon as they were born. Over time, the child with albinism was spared from the infanticide and allowed to grow to adulthood but would be buried alive with the Sukuma Chief when the latter died. In the Chagga tribe, newborns with albinism were traditionally left in the forests to die. In the Digo and Maasai tribes, newborn children with albinism were killed after a trial by ordeal. See Children with Albinism in Africa: Murder, Mutilation and Violence, report submitted to the Special Representative on Violence against Children by UTSS (2012). Most of the submissions from civil society refer to the abandonment of children. Submissions from Albinos Sans Frontières, Bien-être des Albinos de Côte d’Ivoire, the Association nationale des Albinos du Sénégal and the Association pour la promotion des Albinos au Cameroun refer to 9