A/HRC/41/20 (b) Anti-corruption and human rights principles both emanated from good governance principles, such as participation, inclusion, transparency, accountability, integrity and the rule of law; by strengthening good governance principles, it was possible to prevent corruption and protect human rights; (c) Corrupt practices and human rights violations were more likely in a political and economic environment characterized by high levels of impunity, injustice, unfairness and exclusion; (d) In many countries, there was a huge gap between the commitments made under international anti-corruption and human rights treaties and their implementation. 17. Being more recent, the anti-corruption movement could learn from the human rights movement. Human rights were, for example, better integrated into development work, with almost all development actors using a human rights-based approach to development cooperation. While there was a wealth of knowledge, tools and good practices for mainstreaming human rights into various areas of development, more resources were still required in order to mainstream anti-corruption processes in development. One possibility was to use a human rights-based approach to mainstream anti-corruption processes in United Nations programming processes. Another lesson learned from the human rights movement was the importance of strengthening the role of non-governmental organizations in fighting corruption, including as advocates for expanding the scope of the United Nations Convention against Corruption and for monitoring its implementation. 18. Mr. Timilsina recommended a common approach (a) to address the issue of victims of corruption and human rights violations; (b) to provide support to strengthen the capacity of anti-corruption and human rights institutions; (c) to address the issue of impunity; and (d) to integrate human rights and anti-corruption in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, particularly Sustainable Development Goal 16 on peace, justice and strong institutions. He also argued for closer cooperation between various intergovernmental efforts, including support for the implementation of recommendations made by monitoring bodies. 19. The Head of the OHCHR Guatemala office, Ms. Valiña, underscored the close connection between the promotion of anti-corruption initiatives, human rights and sustainable development. These themes were founded on three principles: the rule of law, equality and non-discrimination, and dignity. Ultimately, dignity was affected when corruption undermined the enjoyment of human rights. 20. The International Commission against Impunity in Guatemala had a mandate to support and strengthen the Office of the Prosecutor in carrying out criminal investigations and prosecutions in cases involving criminal armed groups. Since corruption had a negative impact on the enjoyment of human rights, it was not possible to separate the two issues. No human right was shielded from corruption, and corruption undermined the State’s ability to address human rights violations. Moreover, corruption added an additional, aggravating dimension to existing patterns of inequality and exclusion. Latin America was the most unequal continent in the world, and Guatemala was no exception. Inequality was structural, and corruption only exacerbated the situation of the most marginalized. 21. OHCHR and the International Commission against Impunity in Guatemala worked in a strategic alliance to combat corruption and impunity with a view to contributing to the consolidation of the rule of law and strengthening the justice system. Both institutions had a mandate to provide advice on legislation and public policy. For example, in 2016, they supported constitutional and legal reforms, drawing attention to indigenous peoples’ rights and jurisdiction and guarantees of judicial independence. While many efforts to combat corruption were focused on the criminal prosecution of perpetrators, the human rightsbased approach also highlighted the rights of victims. In its legal advice, OHCHR recalled the importance of safeguards for victims of crimes against humanity and other serious violations of human rights, and the concept of comprehensive remedies. 22. On the basis of its mandate to monitor situations of human rights, investigate and report on specific cases of human rights violations, OHCHR formulated strategies and recommended parameters for fighting impunity and corruption. On the basis of its 5