A/HRC/24/40 violations were rampant. Lack of accountability mechanisms, arbitrary behaviour of authorities, and non-availability of redress, among others, compounded the problems. 17. Actions required would include, inter alia: opening/strengthening more police stations; training police on human rights standards; strengthening monitoring and investigation mechanisms; training security forces on human rights and humanitarian law; establishing a mechanism for monitoring the situation of civilians in areas of armed conflict, as well as a civilian casualty tracking mechanism; and raising the awareness of citizens regarding their rights. 2. Right to justice 18. The justice sector has also been badly affected. The re-establishment of a legitimate justice system must thus be a priority for the Government. A specific and coordinated assessment of the justice and corrections sectors and the development of a nationally owned strategy for the re-establishment of a functioning judicial apparatus are essential. 19. Areas requiring attention include, inter alia, the prevalence of military courts with extensive adjudication of civilian cases by the military; poor access to justice in newly stabilized areas; formal court systems functioning with scarce resources; informal systems functioning without oversight and with no structured appeals to the formal justice systems; lack of judicial independence; vulnerability of the judiciary to political interference from the executive branch; and poor security for judges, lawyers and court personnel, with targeted assassinations of lawmakers and judges. 20. Actions required would include: training of justice personnel in the administration of justice and human rights; harmonization of the informal and customary practices (Xeer) with the formal State justice system and sharia; and development of a justice/legal reform strategy and action plan to harmonize the ordinary justice system with the military justice system, focusing on the primacy and independence of judiciary and clarifying the scope of jurisdiction of the civilian and military courts in accordance with international standards. 3. Women’s rights 21. Discrimination and inequality on the basis of sex, which are generally widespread in Somalia, have been further accentuated over the years. Violence against women has occurred on a daily basis, in the family or as a result of the conflict, for example during cordon and search operations, and in camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs). Women and young girls face double victimization because, after being violated, they often have no effective justice and support system to turn to. Female genital mutilation remains a perennial problem. There is a need for measures to deal with gender parity issues, including in the field of education and in the labour market. 4. Children’s rights 22. The situation of children has been more particularly affected by the armed conflict. Rape and other grave sexual violence against children have been a major protection concern. Impunity for perpetrators of crimes against children, including sexual violence, and the recruitment of children into fighting forces are, among others, matters of most serious concern. 23. Internally displaced children, children from minority groups, the very poor, orphans, children with special needs, working children, children living on the streets, child combatants and children in conflict with the law are all in special need of protection. In most of these categories, girls are especially disadvantaged. 5