A/HRC/27/30 sources of livelihood as a result of encroachment on their lands and the degradation of ecosystems caused by development projects, logging and the expansion of palm oil plantations (A/HRC/25/57/Add.2). 78. The Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, in her report on the right to participation of people living in poverty (A/HRC/23/36), called for a human rights-based approach to participation and presented a human rights-based framework for including people living in poverty in the design, implementation and evaluation of policies and programmes in a meaningful and effective way, taking into account the obstacles they face. The framework proposed drew heavily on ILO Convention No. 169 and the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which both advocate consultation with and participation of indigenous peoples in decision-making processes. 79. In its first thematic report (A/HRC/23/50), the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and in practice noted that indigenous women and girls, among other marginalized groups, faced discriminatory practices in several areas, in particular in the implementation of laws on nationality and citizenship, which limit access to formal registration of births, marriage, residence and other citizenship documents as well as to relevant information on their rights as citizens. 80. The report of the Working Group on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises to the General Assembly (A/68/279) explored the challenges faced in addressing the adverse impacts of business-related activities on the rights of indigenous peoples through the lens of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. The Working Group focused on how the guiding principles could bring clarity to the roles and responsibilities of States, business enterprises and indigenous peoples in addressing those impacts. The Working Group made recommendations to States, business enterprises and indigenous peoples for the effective operationalization of the guiding principles with regard to the rights of indigenous peoples. C. Treaty bodies 81. The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination continued to pay particular attention to the situation of indigenous peoples in its early warning and urgent action procedures and its consideration of reports of State parties. It highlighted indigenous peoples’ issues in its concluding observations on Chile, Honduras, Sweden and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of). In particular, the Committee emphasized the importance of providing resources to revive indigenous languages and to ensure respect for, and recognition of, the traditional systems of justice of indigenous peoples, in conformity with international human rights law. 82. During the period under review, the Human Rights Committee addressed the situation of indigenous peoples in its concluding observations on Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Finland, Nepal, Ukraine, Uruguay and the United States of America. The Committee was concerned about the lack of indigenous peoples’ participation and decision-making powers in matters of fundamental importance to their culture and way of life, including the rights to land and resources. The Committee recommended, inter alia, that indigenous peoples be provided with equitable access to courts and administrative bodies and that measures be adopted to protect sacred areas against desecration, contamination and destruction. 83. The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights raised concern about indigenous peoples in Denmark, Djibouti, Gabon, Japan, Norway and Rwanda. In particular, the Committee expressed concern about the absence of regulatory or legislative frameworks to enable implementation of the right to prior informed consultation of indigenous peoples in decision-making processes relating to the exploitation of natural resources in traditional territories. The Committee was further concerned about the persistence of stereotyping and 16

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