A/HRC/19/74 pledges in the framework of the Global Compact. On the other hand, international organizations remain in a kind of limbo, bound by no authoritative body of human rights law. The fact that States are sometimes sanctioned on the basis of the binding decisions of an international organization which does not itself have to answer for its own actions points up a highly regrettable legal vacuum. The centrality of human rights in international cooperation must be reaffirmed through the mainstreaming of human rights issues in all cooperation policies. 52. The negative impact of certain policies on human rights must not be ignored. The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has expressed its views, in a general comment, on the impact of sanctions on the effective enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights. This issue needs to be addressed more broadly to allow for a systematic examination of the impact of structural adjustment strategies, international cooperation policies or certain forms of conditionality on the effective enjoyment of human rights, particularly by vulnerable groups and marginalized individuals. 53. Efforts to promote sustainable development and address the imperatives of human security must be supported. This is the thrust of the proposals made by the SecretaryGeneral in his report entitled ―In larger freedom: towards development, security and human rights for all‖ (A/59/2005), in which he explored the close link between security, development and human rights. A joint initiative of the United Nations and ILO would be particularly worth pursuing in order to ensure that human rights are given a proper place in efforts to reconstruct the global system in the wake of the 2008 crisis. However, too low a priority continues to be accorded to ―globalization with a human face‖. 54. Immigration and its many aspects are currently the focus of worldwide attention. There are many historical, social and economic causes of this phenomenon. Cooperation is necessary in this domain to ensure that human rights are respected by the various States concerned. 55. Furthermore, States should foster the emergence of conditions favourable to development. Giving effect to the right to development is one means of achieving the Millennium Development Goals. The realization of this right at the international level starts with a commitment from OHCHR and continues with, inter alia, the establishment of partnerships and cooperation programmes, particularly for technical cooperation, as well as information and educational activities. 56. There is also a need for a clearer delineation of the relationship between human security and international cooperation in relation to confidence-building, security measures, arms controls, the implementation of humanitarian law and the workings of the criminal justice system. The experience of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe, which, from the very beginning, established that there was a close link between security, cooperation and the ―human dimension‖, would repay further study, as it could be of help in identifying best practices and exploring the importance of linkages between human rights and cooperation and the limitations of this sort of conditionality. IV. Future prospects 57. The intention is to focus on international cooperation in the field of human rights without at this stage addressing the question of the place of human rights in international cooperation, including the sensitive issue of conditionality. The role of human rights in international aid to development would require an empirical assessment, in particular with regard to the scope and the modalities of such aid. 15