A/HRC/31/74 recognizing that sport governing bodies have a responsibility to the development of sport across a broad spectrum and levels of sports, and he posited that the Committee might encourage the promotion and development of sport in a manner that also ensures racial fairness. 116. The representative of the United States was interested to hear about how postWorld War II integration in sport had been a model for American society at large. This integration of African-American athletes might have hurt black sport associations, but it was important to have universal institutions rather than racially divided ones. He also noted that, in his experience, private Youth Leagues in Washington D.C. were very integrated. The representative queried whether it was the recommendation of the expert that collegiate athletes be compensated for their participation in collegiate athletics. The representative then requested the expert’s perspective on the presence of other forms of discrimination in sport, such as gender, disability and sexual orientation. 117. The representative of the United States noted that post-World War II integration in sport brought benefits to universal institutions, as well as the harm noted by the expert to black sport associations, such as the Negro Leagues. He also noted that, in his personal experience, private youth leagues in Washington D.C. were in fact, quite integrated. The representative queried whether it was the recommendation of the expert that collegiate athletes be compensated. The representative then requested the expert’s perspective on the presence of other forms of discrimination in sport, on such grounds as gender, disability and sexual orientation. 118. The representative of Ghana requested the expert afford the Committee clarity on his use of the term, “people of colour.” The representative then queried if there were any positive aspects to having mascots representing indigenous groups. Finally, he asked about current trends in race relations and whether the expert had seen any positive trends regarding racism in sport. 119. In response to the questions of the United States delegation, Mr. Crosset stated that the goals of post-World War II integration were well meaning, however there were flaws in the methodology of the integration process. The expert provided the example of how, at the time, the black community lost leaders because black athletes were integrated into white teams. The ultimate goal was full integration, but racial justice should have been a more integral part to the integration process. 120. The expert further noted that as the participation of black athletes in collegiate athletics resulted in a disproportionate financial gain to collegiate institutions, the topic of athletic compensation was especially important to the black community. Athletes whose talents create significant revenue for collegiate institutions should be reasonably compensated for their efforts. The expert also agreed with the United States delegation that there was intersectionality between many forms of discrimination and noted that all forms of discrimination needed to be addressed under the umbrella of non-discrimination. 121. In response to the questions from the representative of Ghana, the expert also stated that he would be conscious of using more specificity in the future in substitution of the term “people of colour.” Regarding mascots, the expert explained that many team mascots represent offensive racial stereotypes. He used the example of the American Football team, the “Washington Redskins” as an example of a team name that rose to the level of a racial slur. Regarding the behaviour of spectators, the expert noted that in the American sporting context, racism rarely occurs in the stadium, but that it manifests itself in more subtle ways in American sports. 122. Delia Douglas of the University of British Columbia said that racism in sport is an important topic, because sport was a key part of North American culture.It was a place where different histories, traditions and myths met and intersected, creating cultural 41