A/HRC/19/64 3. Mobilise additional resources. Governments need to mobilize additional resources to address all issues of violence in a comprehensive manner so that services reach marginalized populations. Donors, international agencies, and local and national NGOs should support this process. 4. Recognise violence goes beyond the physical. Violence is multidimensional and includes both physical and psychological abuse, neglect and exploitation. It calls for a holistic approach to the treatment of the circumstance of the violent incident, towards the child and towards the perpetrator (s). The best interest of the child must be viewed in this context when designing societal reactions and responses. 5. Understand that both boys and girls experience violence. It is a common misconception in South Asia that only girls suffer from violence and that boys are able to protect themselves. In fact it has been shown that boys also experience violence and in some setting may be more vulnerable to violence. Governments need to ensure that legislation and programmes protect and prohibit violence against both boys and girls and address their particular needs in different settings. Key issues to be addressed in South Asia Early Marriage Early marriage is rampant in South Asia with 46 per cent of young women reporting being married before the age of 18. Early marriage usually occurs because of poverty and the lack of economic opportunities for girls in rural areas. Girls are either seen as an economic burden or valued as capital for their exchange value in terms of goods, money or livestock. Early marriage may also be seen as a way of protecting young girls and ensuring their security. Research has shown that child brides are often more likely to experience domestic violence and sexual abuse and least likely to take action against this abuse. They attain lower schooling, lower social status in their husbands‘ families, have less reproductive control, and suffer higher rates of maternal mortality. They are often forced out of school without an education and experience health problems as their bodies are too immature to give birth. Sexual abuse and exploitation The most hidden and underreported form of violence against children and youth is sexual abuse. Sexual abuse affects both boys and girls and often happens within the family, in schools and the community, in the majority of cases (outside armed conflict zones) perpetrated by someone familiar to the child. Additionally, commercial sexual exploitation of children continues to be one of the most pervasive violations of children‘s rights in South Asia and includes child abuse through child prostitution, sex tourism, child pornography, internet pornography and trafficking. Recent studies provide evidence of sexual exploitation of boys to a much larger extent than previously recognized. The victims of exploitation and abuse are also at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Sexual abuse and exploitation are seldom reported because of a lack of child protection services, a lack of awareness-raising of them as human rights violations and crimes and because of the stigma faced by victims of such abuse and exploitation. Trafficking The criminal and clandestine nature of trafficking makes it difficult to gather reliable data but child trafficking is widespread in South Asia, and include both internal trafficking and trafficking across international borders. Victims of trafficking end up in various forms of abuse and human rights violations including sexual and economic exploitation, i.e. doing domestic work, working in factories, on the streets, or in other forms of hazardous labor 57