A/HRC/23/53 (b) Implement the Constitution ratified in 1997 by the Constituent Assembly and review the national legal framework to bring it into line with international human rights standards; (c) Allow the creation of political parties and hold free, fair and transparent democratic national elections; (d) Restore and respect the rule of law, in particular by institutionalizing an independent and transparent judiciary, checks and balances against the abuse of power, and by providing access to justice, especially for the accused and detainees; (e) Cease the shoot-to-kill policy implemented at the borders with immediate effect, as well as all other forms of extrajudicial executions; (f) Set up an effective mechanism to establish the whereabouts of those who have reportedly disappeared and provide information thereon to their families immediately; (g) Investigate and prosecute all allegations of extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary killings and bring perpetrators to justice in accordance with international standards; (h) Put an immediate end to State-sponsored violence, namely killings, disappearances and all cases of arbitrary arrest, torture and other ill-treatment; (i) Immediately release, or charge and bring before a court of law, the members of the “G-15” and the journalists arrested in 2001, and release all other political prisoners and those detained on the basis of their religious belief; (j) Put an immediate end to the practice of incommunicado detention, close all unofficial and secret places of detention and allow access to prisoners by family members, lawyers and judges; (k) Guarantee the physical integrity of all prisoners, ensure access to medical treatment of those in need, improve the conditions of detention in accordance with international standards, and allow unhindered access by international monitors to all detention facilities; (l) Stop use of torture, establish an adequate complaints mechanism, and ensure that prompt and effective investigations are conducted into all allegations of torture and ill-treatment with a view to bring perpetrators to justice; (m) End the practice of indefinite national service and initiate demobilization for those who have completed 18 months service; and stop the use of national service conscripts as forced labour, and the recruitment of children under the age of 18 years into military training; (n) Ensure accountability for past human rights violations by investigating promptly all allegations of violence committed by police and security personnel, as well as other government actors; by bringing perpetrators to justice, in particular those with command responsibility; and by providing adequate redress to victims; (o) Fully respect the freedoms of expression and opinion, of peaceful assembly and association as critical foundations for any democracy; put an end to harassment and intimidation of journalists; allow the creation of private media; and provide licenses to private radio and television stations; (p) Respect the substantive role that civil society actors play in democratic societies and ensure that human rights defenders and civil society organizations are 20