A/HRC/43/74 (b) Continue to conduct post-operation reviews and investigations; ensure transparency following allegations of civilian casualties from aerial and search operations so as to identify broader patterns of harm; improve operational practice and promote accountability; and ensure that prompt and adequate reparations are provided for any harm suffered. 78. The High Commissioner recommends that anti-government elements: (a) Cease the deliberate targeting of civilians, civilian locations and places of worship and culture, in recognition of their protected status guaranteed under international humanitarian law; (b) Cease indiscriminate attacks against members of religious minorities and their justification using a language of hatred; (c) Respect the right to political participation, and cease attacks directed at election-related facilities and personnel; and ensure that schools, health facilities and mosques used in elections are protected from attacks; (d) Take measures to implement directives prohibiting the recruitment and use of children, and ensure accountability for commanders who recruit and use children for military purposes; (e) Issue statements recognizing the important role of civil society actors, including human rights defenders and journalists, and their right to freedom of expression and critical opinion; and systematically denounce attacks against the media and civil society, acknowledging and respecting their civilian status; (f) Cease the use of improvised explosive devices in all areas frequented by civilians and the use of illegal pressure-plate improvised explosive devices and the firing of explosive weapons, particularly indirect fire systems, from and into civilian-populated areas; and respect at all times the civilian status of humanitarian deminers; (g) Uphold statements by national leaders regarding the human rights of women and girls in areas under Taliban influence, in particular by ceasing attacks and threats against girls’ education, teachers and the education sector; (h) Immediately cease torture and ill-treatment, and ensure humane conditions of detention, including adequate access to food, water and sanitation. 79. The High Commissioner recommends that all parties to the conflict: (a) Take preventive measures to mitigate civilian causalities, including child casualties, in compliance with their obligations under international human rights and humanitarian law, ensure accountability for perpetrators, and facilitate humanitarian access; (b) Guarantee the protection of civic space and civil society actors, including journalists, media workers and human rights defenders, as civilians under international humanitarian law, and respect their right to monitor and report safely and freely on the armed conflict, without fear of attack or reprisal for their work. 80. The High Commissioner recommends that the international community: (a) Encourage the Government to deliver on the pledges and commitments it made before becoming a member of the Human Rights Council, including with regard to cooperation with the International Criminal Court; (b) Support the Afghan national security forces in their efforts to prevent civilian casualties and to protect civilians from conflict-related violence; (c) Support the Government in the protection of women and girls from violence, including by providing the resources necessary for psychosocial and legal aid services for survivors of violence; (d) Support the Government’s efforts to advance the women, peace and security agenda, including its implementation of the national plan for the 15