A/HRC/44/38 90. OHCHR should submit to the Human Rights Council an annual report tracking drone strikes and casualties. 91. Member States should: (a) Set up a discussion forum on Article 51 claims to exchange information about the operationalization and scope of and limits to the right to self-defence;148 (b) Establish a transparent multilateral process for the development of robust standards on the use of drones; (c) Failing (b), like-minded States should establish a group of experts to develop such standards (in the form of a time-bound forum), for States, academics and civil society to identify and strengthen legal norms and accountability mechanisms; (d) Invite experts or institutions to publicly classify armed conflicts and situations that may have triggered or are evolving rapidly as an international or noninternational armed conflict; (e) Support initiatives prohibiting the use of veto by Security Council members when mass atrocities and self-defence claims must be reviewed, and support also the automatic convening of the General Assembly whenever a veto is cast in the Council149 in relation to these matters; (f) Support the Secretary-General’s protection of civilians strategy by providing it with a clear mandate and adopting specific guidance on the use of explosive weapons in urban areas; (g) Adopt a strong political declaration on strengthening the protection of civilians from humanitarian harm arising from the use of explosive weapons in populated areas. 92. States using armed drones should: (a) When invoking Article 51, provide a thorough justification, including evidence of an ongoing or imminent attack and information on the proportionality of the measures to be taken in response; (b) Set up a dedicated civilian casualty mitigation and investigation team with commensurate resources to understand the impact of drone operations and accurately record civilian harm; (c) Robustly investigate allegations of civilian harm, including with external sources, and release data and findings. 93. States assisting other States’ drone programmes should: (a) Inform parliament of any assistance arrangements; (b) Establish a robust oversight framework to ensure that they are not complicit in unlawful actions and that State officials are criminally liable (assurances are not, on their own, sufficient); (c) In situations involving the use of force in countries with which the host State is not in conflict, adherence to international human rights law should guide the use of force. 94. States that export armed drones technologies should: (a) Enact stricter controls on the transfer of military and dual-use drone technologies and apply clear criteria to prevent irresponsible transfers; 148 149 A/AC.182/L.154. S/PV.8699, p. 37. Such a discussion would take place without prejudice to any possible outcome and irrespective of the substance of the draft resolution that was subject to a veto. 21