A/HRC/9/10 page 11 26. The process towards a draft declaration or even the further development of guidelines, standards, norms and principles require elaboration of a rigorous conceptual framework for human rights and international solidarity, on the basis of extensive deliberations and inputs. As requested in relevant Human Rights Council resolutions, the independent expert intends to seek views and contributions from Governments, United Nations agencies, other relevant international organizations and non-governmental organizations in the discharge of his mandate through a draft questionnaire to solicit their input on the content, scope and nature of obligations for the promotion and protection of the rights of peoples and individuals to international solidarity (see Annex). The received input will be analysed with the purpose of planning incremental steps towards the further development of guidelines and standards and a draft declaration. III. CONCLUDING REMARKS 27. International solidarity by its nature covers a broad range of areas of cooperation and assistance. This does pose a challenge in identifying specific areas of focus in the independent expert’s work. In accordance with his broad mandate, in this report, the independent expert considered it important to establish the legal framework of international cooperation in human rights conventions and treaties and how the obligation of international cooperation has evolved in human rights instruments. 28. International solidarity and international cooperation are based on the foundation of shared responsibility. In the broadest sense, solidarity is a communion of responsibilities and interest between individuals, groups and States, connected to the ideal of fraternity and the notions of cooperation. The relationship between international solidarity and international cooperation is an integral one, with international cooperation as a core vehicle by which collective goals and the union of interests are achieved. 29. International cooperation is well established in international law, in human rights instruments, including covenants and conventions and is also a core theme in the Declaration on the Right to Development adopted in 1986. Millennium Development Goal 8 makes explicit mention of a “global partnership for development”, covering targets on aid, debt, trade and transfer of technologies. The seven other Millennium Development Goals and their targets can only be achieved through the pursuance of international cooperation implicit in the concept of a “global partnership for development”. 30. The typology of respect, protect and fulfil delineate essential aspects of international obligations in relation to all human rights and is a useful framework to interpret provisions on international assistance and cooperation. 31. The obligations related to international assistance and cooperation are complementary to the primary responsibility of States to meet their national human rights obligations. There is a shared responsibility for development met by States’ national obligations and the obligations of international cooperation, facilitating global implementation.