A/HRC/12/48 (ADVANCE 1)
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interviews with victims, witnesses and other persons having relevant information; (c) site visits
to specific locations in Gaza where incidents had occurred; (d) the analysis of video and
photographic images, including satellite imagery; (e) the review of medical reports about injuries
to victims; (f) the forensic analysis of weapons and ammunition remnants collected at incident
sites; (g) meetings with a variety of interlocutors; (h) invitations to provide information relating
to the Mission’s investigation requirements; (i) the wide circulation of a public call for written
submissions; (j) public hearings in Gaza and in Geneva.
19. The Mission conducted 188 individual interviews. It reviewed more than 300 reports,
submissions and other documentation either researched of its own motion, received in reply to its
call for submissions and notes verbales or provided during meetings or otherwise, amounting to
more than 10,000 pages, over 30 videos and 1,200 photographs.
20. By refusing to cooperate with the Mission, the Government of Israel prevented it from
meeting Israeli Government officials, but also from travelling to Israel to meet Israeli victims
and to the West Bank to meet Palestinian Authority representatives and Palestinian victims.
21. The Mission conducted field visits, including investigations of incident sites, in the Gaza
Strip. This allowed the Mission to observe first-hand the situation on the ground, and speak to
many witnesses and other relevant persons.
22. The purpose of the public hearings, which were broadcast live, was to enable victims,
witnesses and experts from all sides to the conflict to speak directly to as many people as
possible in the region as well as in the international community. The Mission gave priority to the
participation of victims and people from the affected communities. The 38 public testimonies
covered facts as well as legal and military matters. The Mission had initially intended to hold
hearings in Gaza, Israel and the West Bank. However, denial of access to Israel and the West
Bank resulted in the decision to hold hearings of participants from Israel and the West Bank in
Geneva.
23. In establishing its findings, the Mission sought to rely primarily and whenever possible on
information it gathered first-hand. Information produced by others, including reports, affidavits
and media reports, was used primarily as corroboration.
24. The Mission’s final conclusions on the reliability of the information received were based
on its own assessment of the credibility and reliability of the witnesses it met, verifying the
sources and the methodology used in the reports and documents produced by others, crossreferencing the relevant material and information, and assessing whether, in all the
circumstances, there was sufficient credible and reliable information for the Mission to make a
finding in fact.
25. On this basis, the Mission has, to the best of its ability, determined what facts have been
established. In many cases it has found that acts entailing individual criminal responsibility have
been committed. In all of these cases the Mission has found that there is sufficient information to
establish the objective elements of the crimes in question. In almost all of the cases the Mission
has also been able to determine whether or not it appears that the acts in question were done
deliberately or recklessly or in the knowledge that the consequence that resulted would result in
the ordinary course of events. The Mission has thus referred in many cases to the relevant fault
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