A/HRC/31/77 violations committed in the past; and (5) the impact of natural disasters and other factors undermining respect for basic rights. 105. According priority to these five aspects and their associated critical problem areas remains a valid course of action. The Independent Expert reiterates the recommendations made in that regard in his previous report, 30 particularly the adoption of urgent measures to ensure: (a) That illiteracy is eradicated within a reasonably short time frame; (b) That the practice of prolonged pretrial detention is eliminated, for instance by extending initiatives such as the special emergency operation and broadening their scope to include felony cases while ensuring availability of the financial resources necessary to ensure their proper functioning; (c) That the legislative and presidential elections are reviewed and carried through to completion; (d) That a truth, justice and redress commission is established in respect of the large-scale, systematic human rights violations committed in the past; (e) That decent housing is made available for persons displaced by the earthquake who are still living in camps; (f) That a truth, justice and redress commission is established for the victims of the cholera epidemic and as part of the efforts to halt the epidemic; (g) That the rights of Haitians and persons of Haitian origin living abroad or having previously been at risk of statelessness abroad, particularly in the Dominican Republic, are protected. It is also important that the Haitian authorities provide persons arriving from the Dominican Republic with adequate shelter and conditions that ensure respect of their human rights and establish long-term integration programmes. There is also a need to raise public awareness about the importance of registering all births, whether in Haiti, the Dominican Republic or elsewhere. 106. In addition, a plan of action to promote and protect human rights should be put in place by the authorities, in cooperation with civil society and the Office of the Ombudsman, with a view to devising structural measures that will: (a) Bring about a substantial reduction in social inequality and ensure the enjoyment of a basic level of social, economic and cultural rights by the entire population; (b) Make prison conditions more humane, including by reducing prison overcrowding, providing appropriate health and sanitation facilities, ensuring that food is available for prisoners and making it possible for inmates to work or study while in prison; (c) Strengthen the rule of law; (d) Improve the effectiveness and credibility of the judicial system. 107. Special attention should be accorded to women’s rights in all the abovementioned areas as part of the effort to reduce the extreme gender inequality in Haiti. 108. To restore the situation of human rights in the country, it is strongly recommended that there be, at the highest level of the executive branch, a human 30 GE.16-01946 A/HRC/28/82, paras. 87-92. 19