A/HRC/34/31 Annex Glossary Asylum seeker An asylum seeker is any person who has applied for protection as a refugee and is awaiting the determination of their status. Border governance Legislation, policies, plans, strategies, action plans and activities related to the entry into and exit of persons from the territory of the State, including detection, rescue, interception, screening, interviewing, identification, reception, detention, removal, expulsion, or return, as well as related activities such as training, technical, financial and other assistance, including that provided to other States.a Firewalls Measures to effectively separate immigration enforcement activities from public service provision by State and non-State actors and from labour law enforcement, as well as from criminal justice measures for victims of crime, so as not to deny human rights to persons in an irregular status. b They are “designed to ensure, particularly, that immigration enforcement authorities are not able to access information concerning the immigration status of individuals who seek assistance or services at, for example, medical facilities, schools and other social service institutions. Relatedly, firewalls ensure that such institutions do not have an obligation to inquire or share information about their clients’ immigration status.”c Human rights defenders A term used to describe people who, individually or with others, act to promote or protect human rights. There is no specific definition of who is or can be a human rights defender.d A person or group need not necessarily self-identify as a human rights defender to constitute one. In the present principles and guidelines, “human rights defender” should be read as specifically including those working with migrants, including providing humanitarian assistance. Large movements a b c d e “Whether a movement is characterized as ‘large’ depends less on the absolute number of people moving than on its geographical context, the receiving States’ capacities to respond and the impact caused by its sudden or prolonged nature on the receiving country.”e See Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights at International Borders. See François Crépeau and Bethany Hastie, “The case for ‘firewall’ protections for irregular migrants: safeguarding fundamental rights”, European Journal of Migration and Law, vol. 17, Nos. 2-3 (2015); European Commission against Racism and Intolerance, general policy recommendation No. 16 on safeguarding irregularly present migrants from discrimination; and ILO, Promoting Fair Migration: General Survey Concerning the Migrant Workers Instruments (2016), paras. 480-482. See also European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, “Apprehension of migrants in an irregular situation — fundamental rights considerations” (2012). See Crépeau and Hastie, “The case for ‘firewall’ protections” p. 165. The fourth preambular paragraph of the Declaration on the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms refers to “individuals, groups and associations … contributing to the effective elimination of all violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms of peoples and individuals”. See A/70/59, para. 11. 13