A/HRC/28/42
B.
Empowerment for free, informed and meaningful participation
in public decision-making
Cambodia: building local capacities in regard to land and housing rights
39.
The OHCHR office in Cambodia has continued its work to build greater human
rights awareness among indigenous communities, particularly regarding the freedoms of
expression and peaceful assembly, as well as land and housing rights. OHCHR monitored
ongoing and unresolved disputes between indigenous communities, authorities and
businesses, and engaged in the facilitation of dialogue, court monitoring and the provision
of legal and procedural advice. In 2013 and 2014, OHCHR also provided support to
11 indigenous communities to complete their registration as legal entities and submit their
applications for collective land titles. As a result, those communities are now in a stronger
position to defend and claim their rights to land and livelihood.
40.
OHCHR Cambodia also produced publications on land and housing rights, as well
as a picture book for indigenous peoples on business and human rights, prepared in
cooperation with an indigenous peoples’ network organization. The aim is to gradually
strengthen the role of indigenous communities in national protection systems and, through
increased knowledge and understanding, to allow them to meaningfully participate in
decisions that affect them. To that end, since 2013 OHCHR has been providing training for
civil society organizations and communities on monitoring economic, social and cultural
rights, and on implementation of the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.
Information on business and human rights was also shared with the Government’s AntiCorruption Unit, donors, businesses and professional associations.
41.
OHCHR continued to monitor legislative developments that could affect indigenous
peoples’ land and housing rights. That included support for the consultation process for a
bill on environmental impact assessments, led by the Ministry of the Environment. OHCHR
facilitated participation in the consultation process by indigenous leaders and other
representatives of communities affected by development projects and involved in land
disputes. The Office also provided advice on the harmonization of the draft bill with
international standards.
42.
OHCHR has also been engaged in promoting and protecting the exercise of freedom
of expression and peaceful assembly. In 2013, it organized five training sessions on the
implementation of the Law on Peaceful Demonstrations and international standards on
freedom of expression and assembly. The training outlined the respective responsibilities of
organizers of demonstrations and authorities, and gave guidance to participants on how to
conduct demonstrations in accordance with the law. In addition, OHCHR trained staff of
non-governmental organizations on how to monitor the right to peaceful assembly. In
cooperation with the Ministry of the Interior, OHCHR also produced a laminated card
outlining the respective roles and responsibilities of organizers of demonstrations and local
authorities. The card is being disseminated among government officials, civil society and
the general public. In addition, OHCHR produced a series of radio broadcasts in which
local organizations participated and discussed issues relating to freedom of expression and
peaceful assembly.
Colombia: promoting the right of indigenous peoples to prior, free and informed
consultation
43.
In the context of increasing demands from communities of African descent and
indigenous peoples for their rights to prior consultation and free and informed consent to be
recognized, OHCHR developed a project to hold broad-based consultations with the
communities concerned in the course of 2012. OHCHR invited indigenous, Afro-
11
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