A/HRC/30/34 community guard services in Colombia and armoured transportation, which cover larger areas. 86. Generally, private security activities are complementary and subordinate to the work of the police. Several regulations establish the duty of private security companies to cooperate with the police in cases determined by law. In Colombia, such companies are required to cooperate in crime prevention and to support the police in the event of a disaster.64 Uruguay stipulates that they must support and cooperate with the police, for example by providing them with information.65 Peruvian law requires cooperation at the request of the executive branch in the event of a state of emergency. 66 In Ecuador, private security companies must immediately cooperate with the national police and will be under the authority of the armed forces during a state of emergency. In Buenos Aires, providers of private security services must assist the police in its activities67 and make their material and human resources available to the police in the event of a catastrophe or emergency. 68 Under Bolivian regulations, private security companies must cooperate with the police when required.69 The human rights implications that these provisions have in the sharing of activities with national security forces need to be considered carefully. Licensing, authorization and registration 87. In most of the countries, the supervisory and inspection authority for licensing private security companies is within the ministry responsible for public security. The exception is Colombia, where the authority is the Office for Surveillance and Private Security, a national technical agency with financial and administrative autonomy that is part of the Ministry of National Defence. 88. In all the countries under review, companies require authorization and permits in order to provide private security services. The requirements can be general (Buenos Aires) or specific to the service provided. Security service providers are always required to carry out only the activities for which they are authorized and have a permit, which are stipulated in contracts. 89. A certificate of police and court records for private security personnel is a common requirement to ensure suitability and good moral character. Brazil provides full details on requirements for obtaining a permit, including certification of the absence of a police record by the federal, state, military and electoral justice systems. 90. Most legislation does not provide specific requirements concerning records of violations of human rights. The exception is Buenos Aires, where private security companies are prohibited from having partners that have benefited from amnesties No. 23.492 and No. 23.521 and been indicted for human rights violations. A certificate issued by the competent human rights authorities is required as proof. 70 The absence of a police record must be proven with a certificate from the National Registry of Recidivism and Criminal Statistics, a certificate issued by the Ministry of Justice and Security and a sworn declaration of non-involvement in a court case for felonies or misdemeanours related to security activities. These requirements constitute a good practice in vetting the background of employees. 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 16 Act No. 356/1994, art. 74 (6) and (12). Act No. 275/1999, art. 2 (2.3). Act No. 28.879/2006, art. 23 (j). Act No. 12.297/1999, art.1. Act No. 12.297/1999, arts. 9–11. Act No. 222.544/2004, art. 34. Act No. 12.297, art.8 (2); Acts No.23.492 and No. 23.521.