A/HRC/45/CRP.11 Findings 997. Based on the facts above, the Mission has reasonable grounds to believe that Karen Palacios was subject to arbitrary detention, and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. DGCIM officers were involved in the arrest, detention, and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment of Ms. Palacios within the DGCIM Boleíta detention facility. Information collected from other former Boleíta detainees has provided reasonable grounds to believe that conditions in the facility may amount to torture or cruel inhuman and degrading treatment. CHAPTER IV. VIOLATIONS IN A SECURITY OR SOCIAL CONTROL CONTEXT I. Background 998. A number of human rights violations that the Mission has been mandated to investigate have taken place within the context of security operations. In this context, the Mission has investigated human rights violations falling within two main groups: (1) those during large-scale joint police and military security operations called the Operations for People’s Liberation (Operaciones de Liberación del Pueblo, OLP) and Operations for People’s Humane Liberation (Operaciones de Liberación Humanista del Pueblo, OLHP); and (2) those during more targeted security operations implemented either by a single State security force, or in small combined operations. 999. In total, the Mission independently investigated 16 cases to establish facts. Of these, 5 related to violations in the framework of the OLP/OLHP, involving the deaths of 57 individuals and the detention of approximately 1,420 individuals. Eleven cases investigated related to killings by State police forces, in particular the PNB/FAES and the CICPC, which resulted in the death of 18 individuals. 1000. The Mission also analyzed information reported in reliable secondary sources, including information from Venezuelan NGOs, international organizations and press articles between 2014 and 2020. These referred to 135 OLPs/OLHPs and 2,417 cases of killings in other contexts caused by security forces. The Mission considers that the review provides a strong indication that the specific cases investigated in detail form part of a wider pattern of conduct. 1001. Public statements by high-level Government officials related to security policies, statements by other persons with inside knowledge, and information from persons who have documented this type of conduct by state forces, are also referenced throughout. The Mission also accessed interviews with police officers collected by reliable sources, as cited. A. Violent Death Rate 1002. Venezuela faces a serious situation of insecurity. By all available indicators, the rates of violent deaths are among the highest in the world.1741 Since 2014, the Public Prosecutor’s Office has reported numbers of violent deaths only for 2015 and 2016. In 2015, the Public Prosecutor’s Office documented 17,778 intentional homicides (a rate of 63.5 per 100,000). 1742 In 2016, it documented 21,752 intentional homicides (70.1 per 100,000).1743 1741 1742 1743 See UNODC homicide rates by country (2017), available at: https://www.unodc.org/documents/dataand-analysis/gsh/Booklet2.pdf. See Annual Report of the Public Prosecutor’s Office 2015, p. 45, available at: https://transparencia.org.ve/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Informe-Anual-2015-fiscalia.pdf. See also Acceso a la Justicia, Informe sobre el Desempeño del Ministerio Público (2000-2018), p. 64. See Annual Report of the Public Prosecutor’s Office 2016, p. 12, available at: https://lortegadiaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/INFORME-ANUAL-2016_web.pdf. 195