A/HRC/18/24 law and democracy, statistics and data collection, participation rates in the international human rights system, and interaction with NGOs. Building on the findings from the questionnaire, OHCHR held a workshop exploring the question of prevention in the context of the promotion and protection of human rights. It was structured around the prevention of torture and ill-treatment and the prevention of human rights violations related to human trafficking and migration, in order to allow for the findings related to structural issues from the questionnaire to be explored in more detail. The questionnaire and the workshop revealed four key findings with regard to the ability of States and non-State actors to understand and take action on the prevention of human rights violations. The key findings were: (a) There is a need to further elaborate what prevention means in practice. The concept of prevention in the context of human rights needs to be further developed; (b) A holistic and strategic action on human rights across all functions of the State will result in a more effective prevention; (c) An improved collection and disaggregation of statistics and data related explicitly to human rights will have a key impact on the prevention of human rights violations; (d) Initiatives to tackle discrimination, in particular against vulnerable groups, should apply to the full range of vulnerable groups in the community. Two main recommendations are made based on these findings: (a) As a follow-up to the responses to the questionnaire and the discussion at the workshop, further research is recommended to be undertaken on the different aspects of prevention, and on consolidating the different definitions and approaches to prevention. There is a need to develop in States, NHRIs and non-State actors a stronger understanding of the implications and practical application of prevention, especially as it relates to all areas of discrimination; (b) It was recommended that practical tools be developed to support States and other actors in understanding the role of prevention and to guide them through the developing of strategic and integrated prevention policies at a national level. 2