A/HRC/10/58 page 13 42. Due to the high number of arbitrary detentions without subsequent review by judicial authorities and the lack of funding for the building of new detention centers, Congolese prisons are generally overcrowded, compounding the appalling conditions already prevailing within them. Reports also indicate that suspects in custody are routinely subjected to violations of their physical integrity, including rape, torture and other forms of cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment. 43. Torture and ill-treatment in ANR and Republican Guard detention facilities are all the more worrisome in that these entities remain almost inaccessible to outside observers. In relation to ANR facilities, judicial authorities are barred from carrying out inspections, in clear contradiction with the laws of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This state of affairs is compounded by ANR agents’ consistent refusal to allow the UNJHRO access to their facilities in several parts of the country, particularly Kinshasa, South Kivu, Bas-Congo, North Kivu and Oriental Province, despite MONUC’s mandate and the existence of a directive from President Joseph Kabila dated 5 July 2005 ordering all security forces, intelligence services and judicial authorities to provide unhindered access to UNJHRO staff. Likewise, access to detention facilities operated by the Republican Guard continued to be denied to judicial authorities and civil society organizations as well as to UNJHRO staff. 44. In addition to the cases of torture and ill-treatment described above, confinement in a Congolese prison in itself often amounts to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. Regular visits by UNJHRO field offices to state-run prisons throughout the country indicate that dilapidated cells, the lack of food and medical supplies, overcrowding, corruption, unqualified prison staff and a lack of rehabilitation programs for inmates remain the norm. During the reporting period, at least 65 inmates have died due to severe overcrowding, malnutrition, lack of health care and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. III. ACTIVITIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS JOINT HUMAN RIGHTS OFFICE IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 45. The United Nations Joint Human Rights Office in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (UNJHRO) comprises the Human Rights Division of MONUC and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. The two offices have been fully integrated and the UNJHRO functions in accordance with their two mandates. 46. The Human Rights Division of MONUC is mandated by United Nations Security Council resolutions 1756 of 15 May 2007 and 1794 of 21 December 2007 as well as 1856 of 22 December 2008 to assist in the promotion and protection of human rights, with particular attention to women, children and vulnerable persons, investigate human rights violations with a view to putting an end to impunity, assist in the development and implementation of a transitional justice strategy, and cooperate in national and international efforts to bring to justice perpetrators of grave violations of human rights and international humanitarian law. The Human Rights Division is also mandated to assist the Government to establish a vetting process within the security forces to ensure that members who have committed serious violations of human rights and international human rights law are not given key posts but are suspended, replaced and brought to justice. The Human Rights Division also trains members of the security forces, members of parliament and civil society organizations in human rights standards.