A/HRC/8/4 page 25 access it should be recalled that minors, while enjoying the same guarantees as adults, require special protection, as their best interests are paramount.77 Also, it is advisable for access to justice to be provided through alternatives to court procedures, for example through mediation, family interviews, psychological guidance and support services, community services or education programmes.78 The Special Rapporteur has repeatedly drawn attention to the situation of child and adolescent victims of sexual exploitation and the impunity of “death squads”.79 He has underscored the need to set up special courts to deal with such crimes, and children’s units in public defenders’ offices.80 During missions to central Asian countries, he has proposed creating special juvenile justice systems and developing national codes of children’s rights.81 In some cases, even when there are specific guarantees for minors,82 the fact that imprisonment is the sole penalty often means that children are incarcerated, in particular street children.83 Elsewhere, while there may be a juvenile justice system, it is based on punishment and coercion, and provides no rehabilitation options or programmes.84 5. Brasilia Rules 54. Faced with the difficulties in ensuring access to justice in the region, at the fourteenth meeting of the Latin-American Judicial Summit,85 the presidents of the supreme courts and councils of the judiciary of the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America adopted the Brasilia Rules on access to justice for persons in vulnerable situations. The Rules list recommended measures for guaranteeing access to justice for persons who are more vulnerable for reasons of age, disability, membership of indigenous or minority communities, victimization, migration or internal displacement, poverty, gender or deprivation of liberty. The significance of these Rules retirada de subsidios públicos. (T.A. Smith, “Access to Justice for kids-the children’s SSI Project”, Illinois Bar Journal, 1997, p. 352). 77 En este contexto, la protección del interés superior del niño significa, por ejemplo, que los tradicionales objetivos de la justicia penal deben sustituirse por los de rehabilitación y la justicia restitutiva. 78 Ibid., pár. 44. 79 Informe sobre la visita oficial a Brasil, op. cit., par. 30. 80 Ibid., pár.104. 81 Informe visita a Kirguistán, op. cit., pár. 73. 82 Como la presencia obligatoria de un defensor en este tipo de causas y la presencia obligatoria de un pedagogo durante cualquier investigación. 83 L. Despouy, Informe sobre la visita a Taijikistán, E/CN.4/2006/52/Add.4, pár. 82. 84 Informe sobre la visita oficial a Maldivas, op. cit., pár. 62. 85 Realizada en Brasilia, 4 de marzo de 2008.