A/HRC/44/40/Add.3
•
During the Eleventh Malaysia Plan, 2016-2020, the Government had allocated sum
of estimated RM121.6 billion from annual budget expenditure for social assistances.
•
The Government’s effort have shown its efficiency through the decline numbers of
poverty recorded in the eKasih as follows:
Years
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Extreme Poor
79,607
75,480
59,924
44,666
43,055
Poor
142,958
142,135
140,842
142,099
135,172
Paragraph 7
It is particularly encouraging that leading politicians have now indicated their support for a
poverty measure that better reflects reality. Although the Minister of Economic Affairs
initially defended the poverty line, Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad and his
economic adviser have acknowledged that the poverty measure should be adjusted. In
October, the Prime Minister said that the government is ready to review the poverty line “to
provide a true picture of poverty in Malaysia.” And in December, the Ministry of Federal
Territories announced it would formulate an Urban Poverty Eradication Master Plan for
Kuala Lumpur, including a redefinition of urban poverty. In political terms it is never easy
to acknowledge that poverty is greater than previously claimed, and assuming it does so, the
Government deserves great credit.
Comments from the Government of Malaysia:
•
The Midterm Review of Eleventh Malaysia Plan, which was tabled in Parliament in
October 2018, stated that the measurement of poverty to be revised in tandem of the cost of
living. Therefore, the work on PLI revision has started during the Plan. The Special
Rapporteur’s visit was in August 2019. During the bilateral meeting with the Special
Rapporteur and Government agencies, this Special Rapporteur and his team had been
informed that the need of revision of PLI was stated in the document and work on it is
ongoing since March 2019. Further, the Prime Minister in the Parliament on October 2019
stated that Malaysia has been working to revise the new PLI and to implement
Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) as poverty measurement from multi dimensions.
Therefore, formulating policies and strategies as well as initiatives had been in place before
the visit of Special Rapporteur. While the visit of SR had sparked interests on poverty issues,
however, the claim that the Government had only act on poverty reviews has been undertaken
following the visit is incorrect.
Paragraph 9
A better understanding of poverty in Malaysia reveals the inaccuracy of the mainstream
narrative that poverty is largely confined to small numbers in rural areas and indigenous
peoples. While those groups face dire and unique challenges, urban poverty is significant.
For example, the official 2016 poverty rate for Kuala Lumpur was zero percent, yet 27
percent of households earned less than Bank Negara’s estimated living wage for the city in
2018. A 2018 survey of low-income apartments found 7 percent of people living below the
national poverty line, 85 percent in relative poverty, and 99.7 percent of children in relative
poverty. One soup kitchen director said she served up to 700 people a night, and that more
than 40 soup kitchens operate in Kuala Lumpur. None of this points to a city that has
eliminated poverty or hunger.
Comments from the Government of Malaysia:
•
To further increase the effectiveness of poverty eradication initiatives, the
Government is reviewing its PLI methodology to better reflect the current cost of living. In
addition, a Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) has been established to measure a wider
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